Molecular characteristics and comparative genomics analysis of a clinical &lt;em&gt;Enterococcus casseliflavus&lt;/em&gt; with a resistance plasmid

Yin, Min; Jiang, Yi; Qian, Changrui; Wu, Fei; Ying, Yuanyuan; Wu, Chongyang; Li, Peizhen; Ying, Jun; Li, Kewei; Xu, Teng; Bao, Qiyu; Sun, Caixia

doi:10.2147/idr.s180254

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (100%) to Enterococcus casseliflavus , Enterococcus gallinarum , and Enterococcus saccharolyticus . A recent study reported that E. casseliflavus with a resistance plasmid shows resistance to erythromycin, kanamycin, and streptomycin . Thus, antibiotic dependence and independence of plastic biodegradation relies on the antibiotic resistance genes in the core gut microbiome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Polystyrene by Greater Wax Moth Larvae (Galleria mellonella L.) and the Effect of Co-diet Supplementation on the Core Gut Microbiome

Lou

Ekaterina

Yang

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

196

120

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Plastics waste and microplastics including polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) have been an environmental concern for years. Recent research has revealed that larvae of Galleria mellonella are capable of biodegrading low density PE film. In this study, we tested the feasibility of enhancing larval survival and the effect of supplementing the co-diet on plastic degradation by feeding the larvae beeswax or wheat bran as a co-diet. Significant mass loss of plastic was observed over a 21-day period, i.e., with respective consumption of 0.88 and 1.95 g by 150 larvae fed only either PS or PE. The formation of CO and C–O containing functional groups and long chain fatty acids as the metabolic intermediates of plastics in the residual polymers indicated depolymerization and biodegradation. Supplementing beeswax and bran increased the survival rates but decreased the consumption of plastic. The changes in the gut microbiome revealed that Bacillus and Serratia were significantly associated with the PS and PE diets. Beeswax and bran showed different shaping effects on the core gut microbiome of larvae fed the PE and PS. These results suggest that supplementing the co-diet affected the physiological properties of the larvae and plastic biodegradation and shaped the core gut microbiome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study reported that E. casseliflavus with a resistance plasmid shows resistance to erythromycin, kanamycin, and streptomycin. 32 Thus, antibiotic dependence and independence of plastic biodegradation relies on the antibiotic resistance genes in the core gut microbiome.…”

Section: Plastic Biodegradation and Depolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Polystyrene by Greater Wax Moth Larvae (Galleria mellonella L.) and the Effect of Co-diet Supplementation on the Core Gut Microbiome

Lou

Ekaterina

Yang

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

196

120

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“…The transfer of a plasmid containing antimicrobial resistance genes often occurs in Enterococcus spp. and plays an important role in dissemination of drug resistance genes (Zheng et al, 2009; Yin et al, 2018). Previously, many linear plasmids have been reported, especially in Streptomyces spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Multidrug-Resistant Enterococcal Mobile Linear Plasmid pELF1 Encoding vanA and vanM Gene Clusters From a Japanese Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Isolate

et al. 2019

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Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are troublesome pathogens in clinical settings because of few treatment options. A VanA/VanM-type vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clinical isolate was identified in Japan. This strain, named AA708, harbored five plasmids, one of which migrated during agarose gel electrophoresis without S1 nuclease treatment, which is indicative of a linear topology. We named this plasmid pELF1. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis of the AA708 strain revealed that the complete sequence of pELF1 was 143,316 bp long and harbored both the vanA and vanM gene clusters. Furthermore, mfold analysis and WGS data show that the left end of pELF1 presumably forms a hairpin structure, unlike its right end. The pELF1 plasmid was not digested by lambda exonuclease, indicating that terminal proteins were bound to the 5′ end of the plasmid, similar to the Streptomyces linear plasmids. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results were also consistent with the exonuclease assay results. In retardation assays, DNAs containing the right end of proteinase K-untreated pELF1 did not appear to move as well as the proteinase K-treated pELF1, suggesting that terminal proteins might be attached to the right end of pELF1. Palindromic sequences formed hairpin structures at the right terminal sequence of pELF1; however, sequence similarity with the well-known linear plasmids of Streptomyces spp. was not high. pELF1 was unique as it possessed two different terminal structures. Conjugation experiments revealed that pELF1 could be transferred to E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. casseliflavus, and E. hirae. These transconjugants exhibited not only high resistance levels to vancomycin, but also resistance to streptomycin, kanamycin, and erythromycin. These results indicate that pELF1 has the ability to confer multidrug resistance to Enterococcus spp. simultaneously, which might lead to clinical hazards.

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“…The clinical threat of non-faecium and non-faecalis enterococci has been often underestimated because they do not cause frequent infections (27,28); however, non-faecium and non-faecalis enterococci have the potential to cause outbreaks of infection (29). Moreover, they might become important reservoirs of vancomycin resistance genes (13).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of the Local Spread of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Ascribed to the Interspecies Transmission of a vanA Gene Cluster-Carrying Linear Plasmid

Hashimoto

Kita

Suzuki

et al. 2020

mSphere

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Vancomycin-resistant enterococci pose a threat in the clinical setting and have been linked to hospital outbreaks worldwide. In 2017, a local spread of VanA-type vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) occurred in Japan, and 25 enterococcal isolates, including 14 Enterococcus faecium, 8 E. raffinosus, and 3 E. casseliflavus isolates, were identified from four inpatients. Molecular analysis of the multispecies of VanA-type VRE revealed the involvement of both the dissemination of clonally related VRE strains between patients and the horizontal transfer of plasmids harboring the vanA gene cluster between Enterococcus spp. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that the plasmid DNAs without S1 nuclease treatment were able to migrate into the gel, suggesting that the topology of the plasmid was linear. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that this plasmid, designated pELF2, was 108,102 bp long and encoded multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including ermA and ant(9). The amino acid sequences of putative replication- and transfer-related genes were highly conserved between pELF2 and pELF1, the latter of which was the first identified enterococcal conjugative linear plasmid. On comparing the genomic structure, pELF2 showed the presence of a backbone similar to that of pELF1, especially with respect to the nucleotide sequences of both terminal ends, indicating a hybrid-type linear plasmid, possessing two different terminal structures. pELF2 possessed a broad host range and high conjugation frequencies for enterococci. The easy transfer of pELF2 to different Enterococcus spp. in vitro might explain this local spread of multiple species, highlighting the clinical threat from the spread of antimicrobial resistance by an enterococcal linear plasmid. IMPORTANCE Increasing multidrug resistance, including vancomycin resistance, in enterococci is a major concern in clinical settings. Horizontal gene transfer, such as via plasmids, has been shown to play a crucial role in the acquisition of vancomycin resistance. Among vancomycin resistance types, the VanA type is one of the most prevalent, and outbreaks caused by VanA-type vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have occurred worldwide. Here, we describe an enterococcal linear plasmid responsible for multispecies local spread of VanA-type VRE. Such a study is important because although hospital outbreaks caused by mixed enterococcal species have been reported, this particular spread indicates plasmid transfer across species. This is a crucial finding because the high risk for such a spread of antimicrobial resistance calls for regular monitoring and surveillance.

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Molecular characteristics and comparative genomics analysis of a clinical <em>Enterococcus casseliflavus</em> with a resistance plasmid

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Polystyrene by Greater Wax Moth Larvae (Galleria mellonella L.) and the Effect of Co-diet Supplementation on the Core Gut Microbiome

Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Polystyrene by Greater Wax Moth Larvae (Galleria mellonella L.) and the Effect of Co-diet Supplementation on the Core Gut Microbiome

Novel Multidrug-Resistant Enterococcal Mobile Linear Plasmid pELF1 Encoding vanA and vanM Gene Clusters From a Japanese Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Isolate

First Report of the Local Spread of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Ascribed to the Interspecies Transmission of a vanA Gene Cluster-Carrying Linear Plasmid

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