Molecular characterisation of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli from animals in Turkey

Abstract

The aim of this study were to detect the gyrA, parC and marR mutations and qnr genes (qnrA, qnrB and qnrS) in 120 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from animals. European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests, respectively, were used to determine fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance, and molecular methods were used to detect the mutations and the genes. E coli isolates with an MIC of ≥8 mg/l had mutation at Ser-80 in parC in addition to mutations at Ser-83, Asp-87 or both in gyrA. The nucleotide change was detected in marR (Ser-3 → Asn, Ala-53 → Glu, Gly-103 → Ser, Tyr-137 → His). Only four E coli isolates (3.3 per cent) contained qnrA and qnrS, and qnrB was not detected. Two E coli isolates from healthy calves also contained qnrA and qnrS. The MICs of enrofloxacin and danofloxacin for qnr-containing E coli isolates ranged from 32 mg/l to 256 mg/l. The results of this study indicated that the FQ-resistant E coli isolates presented an alteration in gyrA (Ser-83 → Leu, Asp-87 → Asn) and parC (Ser-80 → Ile) with high MICs (8-256 mg/l), and there was a low prevalence of qnr genes among E coli isolated from animals.

Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Salmonella serotypes isolated from chicken carcasses in Turkey

“…The qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes are the most commonly identified resistance determinants in Turkey (Nazik et al 2009;Ozgumus et al 2009). The prevalence of qnr genes among the E. coli isolates obtained from animals in the EU and Turkey ranged between 3% and 15% (Veldman et al 2011;Cengiz et al 2012). In another study from Turkey, Nazik et al (2009) reported qnr genes in Enterobacter spp., E. coli and K. pneumoniae.…”

“…Several reports in Turkey have evaluated the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistant (PMQR) in animal isolates of Escherichia coli strains (Cengiz et al 2012;Mustak et al 2012). However, this study is the first and unique one investigating the PMQR determinants of Salmonella isolated from chicken carcasses in Turkey.…”

Molecular evaluation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Escherichia coli isolates from food products in Turkey

“…The prevalence of pathogenic E. coli in food isolates is low, compared to animal isolates and clinical infections (23). The prevalence of commensal E. coli isolates from food has been extensively studied in developed countries (24) but little research has been conducted in Turkey (25).…”

Antimicrobial susceptibility of large intestinal Escherichia coli isolates from cattle and sheep abattoir samples

“…Compared to our study (4.08%), the observed resistances of food originated E. coli isolates to ciprofloxacin were much higher; 31.9% and 31.1%, respectively from other studies (Arslan and Eyi 2011;Gundogan and Avci, 2013). However, the few most recent studies from Turkey focused on fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) resistant E. coli isolated from animals (Cengiz et al, 2012;Mustak et al, 2012) and reported that 47 (50.0%) of 94 chicken, 3 (4.5%) of 66 sheep, 5 (9.6%) of 52 cattle and 3 (6.4%) of 47 dog E. coli strains were found to be resistant to ciprofloxacin. In contrast to that study, a low level of ciprofloxacin resistance (9.52%) detected in the present study for sheep isolates.…”