Molecular character of influenza A/H1N1 2009: Implications for spread and control

Aras, Siddhesh; Aiyar, Ashok; Amedee, Angela M.; Gallaher, William R.

doi:10.1007/s12088-009-0060-7

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Counties with higher proportions of agricultural land are likely to have greater contact levels between agricultural workers and linkages with agricultural workers in Mexico. For example, California's agricultural communities may have propagated the H1N1 pandemic provided the likely trade between migrant farm workers and livestock within and outside California counties and with Mexico, the origin of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic (Greger, 2007;Aras et al, 2009). This, in combination with agricultural communities being more vulnerable to disease in general, may explain why agricultural areas tend to have higher rates of hospitalization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological factors associated with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) hospitalization rates in California, USA: a geospatial analysis

Maliszewski

Wei

2011

Geospat Health

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Abstract. The 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus subtype (H1N1) pandemic had a large impact in the United States of America (USA), causing an estimated 192,000 to 398,000 hospitalizations and 8,720 to 18,050 deaths between April 2009 and midMarch 2010. Recent research on the 2009 H1N1 pandemic has largely focused on individual, non-spatial demographic characterizations (e.g. age and race/ethnicity) associated with H1N1 hospitalizations. Broader ecological factors such as transportation use, land use and other socioeconomic factors are important aspects of influenza studies that have not been empirically examined. This research explores and identifies ecological factors associated with 2009 H1N1 pandemic hospitalization rates. We conducted a spatial regression analysis of county level hospitalization rates from 3 April to 15 September, 2009 obtained via the California Department of Public Health. Hospitalization rates were found to be spatially dependent. Public transportation usage rates and agricultural land use proportions were significant environmental factors positively related to hospitalization rates. Consistent with public health official's assumptions and existing evidence, county percentages of persons less than 18 years of age were positively associated with hospitalization. These findings help to clarify the limited consensus and dubious evidence on the role of broader ecological factors associated with pandemic influenza. A better understanding of the ecological risk factors associated with hospitalizations should also benefit public health officials with respect to their work aiming at improving emergency supply allocation and non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies in the context of an influenza pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological factors associated with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) hospitalization rates in California, USA: a geospatial analysis

Maliszewski

Wei

2011

Geospat Health

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“…Like influenza B and C, influenza A is made up of structural proteins and two groups of surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA), and neuraminidase (NA). These glycoproteins are responsible for attachment and entry into cells, viral spread throughout the respiratory tract, and are capable of a large degree of variability (97). Waterfowl serve as the largest natural reservoir for influenza A subtypes (98).…”

Section: Pathophysiology and Histology Of Rsv And Influenza A (H1n1) mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Infection in the Development and Progression of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2016

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Viral infections are an important cause of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Numerous viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A (H1N1) virus, have been implicated in the progression of pneumonia to ARDS; yet the incidence of progression is unknown. Despite acute and chronic morbidity associated with respiratory viral infections, particularly in “at risk” populations, treatment options are limited. Thus, with few exceptions, care is symptomatic. In addition, mortality rates for viral-related ARDS have yet to be determined. This review outlines what is known about ARDS secondary to viral infections including the epidemiology, the pathophysiology, and diagnosis. In addition, emerging treatment options to prevent infection, and to decrease disease burden will be outlined. We focused on RSV and influenza A (H1N1) viral-induced ARDS, as these are the most common viruses leading to pediatric ARDS, and have specific prophylactic and definitive treatment options.

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“…AH1N1 had 1,678,817 confirmed patients and 19,274 deaths in 205 countries over the course of a year. The mortality of AH1N1 was low, between 11% and 21%, despite its high level of spread [7]. In this case, air mobility was a crucial means of contagion in generating the AH1N1 pandemic [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Algorithm for Preventing the Spread of COVID-19 in Airports and Air Routes by Applying Fuzzy Logic and a Markov Chain

Guevara

Bonilla

2021

Mathematics

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Since the start of COVID-19 and its growth into an uncontrollable pandemic, the spread of diseases through airports has become a serious health problem around the world. This study presents an algorithm to determine the risk of spread in airports and air routes. Graphs are applied to model the air transport network and Dijkstra’s algorithm is used for generating routes. Fuzzy logic is applied to evaluate multiple demographics, health, and transport variables and identify the level of spread in each airport. The algorithm applies a Markov chain to determine the probability of the arrival of an infected passenger with the COVID-19 virus to an airport in any country in the world. The results show the optimal performance of the proposed algorithm. In addition, some data are presented that allow for the application of actions in health and mobility policies to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

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Molecular character of influenza A/H1N1 2009: Implications for spread and control

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Ecological factors associated with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) hospitalization rates in California, USA: a geospatial analysis

Ecological factors associated with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) hospitalization rates in California, USA: a geospatial analysis

Viral Infection in the Development and Progression of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Algorithm for Preventing the Spread of COVID-19 in Airports and Air Routes by Applying Fuzzy Logic and a Markov Chain

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