Molecular Building Blocks and Their Architecture in Biologically/Environmentally Compatible Soft Matter Chemical Machinery

Toyota, Taro; Banno, Taisuke; Nitta, Sachiko; Takinoue, Masahiro; Nomoto, Tatsuya; Natsume, Yuno; Matsumura, Shuichi; Fujinami, Masanori

doi:10.5650/jos.ess14190

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Constructive approaches such as the reconstitution or construction of cell-like molecular robots that reproduce cell abilities have become significant to comprehend the superior ability of living cells. Among such approaches, the development of cell-sized giant liposomes encapsulating cytoskeletons has drawn much attention. − Giant liposomes have closed lipid bilayer membranes and have been used as envelopes for cell-like molecular robots because of their simple structures and capability to be observed directly under optical microscopes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Morphological Control of Tubulin-Encapsulating Giant Liposomes by Hydrostatic Pressure

Hayashi

Nishiyama²,

Kazayama³

et al. 2016

Langmuir

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Liposomes encapsulating cytoskeletons have drawn much recent attention to develop an artificial cell-like chemical-machinery; however, as far as we know, there has been no report showing isothermally reversible morphological changes of liposomes containing cytoskeletons because the sets of various regulatory factors, that is, their interacting proteins, are required to control the state of every reaction system of cytoskeletons. Here we focused on hydrostatic pressure to control the polymerization state of microtubules (MTs) within cell-sized giant liposomes (diameters ∼10 μm). MT is the cytoskeleton formed by the polymerization of tubulin, and cytoskeletal systems consisting of MTs are very dynamic and play many important roles in living cells, such as the morphogenesis of nerve cells and formation of the spindle apparatus during mitosis. Using real-time imaging with a high-pressure microscope, we examined the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the morphology of tubulin-encapsulating giant liposomes. At ambient pressure (0.1 MPa), many liposomes formed protrusions due to tubulin polymerization within them. When high pressure (60 MPa) was applied, the protrusions shrank within several tens of seconds. This process was repeatedly inducible (around three times), and after the pressure was released, the protrusions regenerated within several minutes. These deformation rates of the liposomes are close to the velocities of migrating or shape-changing living cells rather than the shortening and elongation rates of the single MTs, which have been previously measured. These results demonstrate that the elongation and shortening of protrusions of giant liposomes is repeatedly controllable by regulating the polymerization state of MTs within them by applying and releasing hydrostatic pressure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Morphological Control of Tubulin-Encapsulating Giant Liposomes by Hydrostatic Pressure

Hayashi

Nishiyama²,

Kazayama³

et al. 2016

Langmuir

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“…Examples of the latter are physicochemical stimuli, such as solution salinity, temperature, and hydrostatic pressure, as mentioned below. 4) Toxins and drugs such as paclitaxel or nocodazole are also known to act as effective controls of MT dynamics.…”

Section: Bottom-up Approach Using Mts-encapsulatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under ambient pressure conditions, we set the critical concentration of tubulins at 5 µM. 4,14) When the pressure was increased from 0.1 to 60 MPa, the long-axis length of the liposome rapidly decreased from 28 µm, and then reached to 13 µm (Figs. 1a, 2b).…”

Section: Rate Of Shape Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Control of Microtubule-Encapsulating Giant Vesicles by Changing Hydrostatic Pressure

Takiguchi

Hayashi

Kazayama

et al. 2018

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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For the development of artificial cell-like machinery, liposomes encapsulating cytoskeletons have drawn much recent attention. However, there has been no report showing isothermally reversible morphological changes of liposomes containing cytoskeletons. We succeeded in reversibly changing the shape of cell-sized giant vesicles by controlling the polymerization/depolymerization state of cytoskeletal microtubules that were encapsulated in the vesicles using pressure changes. The result indicates that it is possible to manipulate artificial cell models composed of molecules such as lipids and proteins. The findings obtained in this study will be helpful in clarifying the details of cooperation between cytoskeletal dynamics and morphogenesis of biological membranes and in improving the design and construction of further advanced artificial cell-like machinery, such as drug-delivery systems. In addition, the experimental system used in this study can be applied to research to elucidate the adaptive strategy of living organisms to external stimuli and extreme conditions such as osmotic stress and high-pressure environments like the deep sea.

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Molecular Building Blocks and Their Architecture in Biologically/Environmentally Compatible Soft Matter Chemical Machinery

Cited by 2 publications

References 88 publications

Reversible Morphological Control of Tubulin-Encapsulating Giant Liposomes by Hydrostatic Pressure

Reversible Morphological Control of Tubulin-Encapsulating Giant Liposomes by Hydrostatic Pressure

Morphological Control of Microtubule-Encapsulating Giant Vesicles by Changing Hydrostatic Pressure

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