Molecular Biology and Replication of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus

Gilmer, David

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30678-0_4

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Indeed, vectors producing 5′ UTR truncated RNA3 allow efficient p25 protein production [39,40]. Similarly, the 380 nt-long 5′ UTR present on BNYVV RNA4 may also contain such cis elements, allowing regulated p31 expression [39]. For these reasons, a massive replication of ancillary RNAs may not correlate to the massive translation of the encoded proteins in the early stage of infection but could be implicated in a mechanism that counteracts the plant defence system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the relative frequencies of the multipartite BNYVV genomic RNAs in different plants and tissues

Dall'Ara,

Guo,

Poli

et al. 2024

Journal of General Virology

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Multipartite virus genomes are composed of two or more segments, each packaged into an independent viral particle. A potential advantage of multipartitism is the regulation of gene expression through changes in the segment copy number. Soil-borne beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is a typical example of multipartism, given its high number of genomic positive-sense RNAs (up to five). Here we analyse the relative frequencies of the four genomic RNAs of BNYVV type B during infection of different host plants (Chenopodium quinoa, Beta macrocarpa and Spinacia oleracea) and organs (leaves and roots). By successfully validating a two-step reverse-transcriptase digital droplet PCR protocol, we show that RNA1 and -2 genomic segments always replicate at low and comparable relative frequencies. In contrast, RNA3 and -4 accumulate with variable relative frequencies, resulting in distinct RNA1 : RNA2 : RNA3 : RNA4 ratios, depending on the infected host species and organ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the relative frequencies of the multipartite BNYVV genomic RNAs in different plants and tissues

Dall'Ara,

Guo,

Poli

et al. 2024

Journal of General Virology

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“…The virus has rod-like helical symmetry particles. The BNYVV genome is divided among four positive-sense genomic RNAs (RNAs 1–4) that are capped and polyadenylated [ 42 , 43 ]. RNA-1 codes for the replication-associated polyprotein with the conserved domains of methyltransferase (Mtr), helicase (Hel), papain-like cysteine proteinase (PCP), and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (Pol) ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Cp-rtd In Fungal Transmission Of Benyvirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monocistronic RNA-3 and RNA-4 code for the accessory nonstructural proteins p25 and p31 ( Figure 3 ). Some BNYVV isolates contain an additional RNA component (RNA-5) influencing the severity of symptoms [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Cp-rtd In Fungal Transmission Of Benyvirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the translation of monocistronic RNA-1, RNA-3, and RNA-4 is apparently straightforward, the expression of RNA-2 occurs via the readthrough mechanism and production of subgenomic RNAs [ 42 , 43 ]. The UAG stop codon in the CP gene is suppressed by ribosomes with ~10% efficiency to give rise to the CP-RTD fusion ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Cp-rtd In Fungal Transmission Of Benyvirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Capsid Proteins Capacity in Plant Virus-Vector Interactions and Virus Transmission

Agranovsky

2021

Cells

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Vector transmission of plant viruses is basically of two types that depend on the virus helper component proteins or the capsid proteins. A number of plant viruses belonging to disparate groups have developed unusual capsid proteins providing for interactions with the vector. Thus, cauliflower mosaic virus, a plant pararetrovirus, employs a virion associated p3 protein, the major capsid protein, and a helper component for the semi-persistent transmission by aphids. Benyviruses encode a capsid protein readthrough domain (CP-RTD) located at one end of the rod-like helical particle, which serves for the virus transmission by soil fungal zoospores. Likewise, the CP-RTD, being a minor component of the luteovirus icosahedral virions, provides for persistent, circulative aphid transmission. Closteroviruses encode several CPs and virion-associated proteins that form the filamentous helical particles and mediate transmission by aphid, whitefly, or mealybug vectors. The variable strategies of transmission and evolutionary ‘inventions’ of the unusual capsid proteins of plant RNA viruses are discussed.

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“…The genome of BNYVV is divided among 4 or 5 segments (designated RNAs 1 to 5), the roles of which, during infection, have been the source of intense investigation over the past 30 years [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Thus, genes, as well as non-coding regions, have been assigned functions in virus replication, encapsidation, intra- as well as inter-plant movement, silencing suppression, and pathogen aggressiveness [ 10 , 13 ]. Recent studies on the latter of these functions have led to the discovery of a highly mutable region in the p25 gene on RNA 3, implicated in the breaking of monogenic resistance provided by the Rz1 gene [ 5 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAseq Analysis of Rhizomania-Infected Sugar Beet Provides the First Genome Sequence of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus from the USA and Identifies a Novel Alphanecrovirus and Putative Satellite Viruses

Weiland

Poudel

Flobinus

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“Rhizomania” of sugar beet is a soilborne disease complex comprised of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and its plasmodiophorid vector, Polymyxa betae. Although BNYVV is considered the causal agent of rhizomania, additional viruses frequently accompany BNYVV in diseased roots. In an effort to better understand the virus cohort present in sugar beet roots exhibiting rhizomania disease symptoms, five independent RNA samples prepared from diseased beet seedlings reared in a greenhouse or from field-grown adult sugar beet plants and enriched for virus particles were subjected to RNAseq. In all but a healthy control sample, the technique was successful at identifying BNYVV and provided sequence reads of sufficient quantity and overlap to assemble > 98% of the published genome of the virus. Utilizing the derived consensus sequence of BNYVV, infectious RNA was produced from cDNA clones of RNAs 1 and 2. The approach also enabled the detection of beet soilborne mosaic virus (BSBMV), beet soilborne virus (BSBV), beet black scorch virus (BBSV), and beet virus Q (BVQ), with near-complete genome assembly afforded to BSBMV and BBSV. In one field sample, a novel virus sequence of 3682 nt was assembled with significant sequence similarity and open reading frame (ORF) organization to members within the subgenus Alphanecrovirus (genus Necrovirus; family Tombusviridae). Construction of a DNA clone based on this sequence led to the production of the novel RNA genome in vitro that was capable of inducing local lesion formation on leaves of Chenopodium quinoa. Additionally, two previously unreported satellite viruses were revealed in the study; one possessing weak similarity to satellite maize white line mosaic virus and a second possessing moderate similarity to satellite tobacco necrosis virus C. Taken together, the approach provides an efficient pipeline to characterize variation in the BNYVV genome and to document the presence of other viruses potentially associated with disease severity or the ability to overcome resistance genes used for sugar beet rhizomania disease management.

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Molecular Biology and Replication of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus

Cited by 5 publications

References 81 publications

Analysis of the relative frequencies of the multipartite BNYVV genomic RNAs in different plants and tissues

Analysis of the relative frequencies of the multipartite BNYVV genomic RNAs in different plants and tissues

Enhancing Capsid Proteins Capacity in Plant Virus-Vector Interactions and Virus Transmission

RNAseq Analysis of Rhizomania-Infected Sugar Beet Provides the First Genome Sequence of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus from the USA and Identifies a Novel Alphanecrovirus and Putative Satellite Viruses

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