Molecular and serological detection of animal and human vector-borne pathogens in the blood of dogs from Côte d’Ivoire

Medkour, Hacène; Laidoudi, Younes; Athias, Eric; Bouam, Amar; Dizoe, Sylvestre; Davoust, Bernard; Mediannikov, Oleg

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101412

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Moreover, L. tropica genotypes were clustered in a separate clade far from other Leishmania spp. (L. infantum, L. chagasi and L. donovani), this might be related to variations in geographical and environmental conditions [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Leishmania species from stray dogs and patients in Saudi Arabia

Alanazi

Alouffi

Alyousif

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica cause cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans and dogs in several parts of the world, with a large number of cases recorded in the Middle East. However, when occurring in sympatry, the role of each species of Leishmania in the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is not clear. Methods: To determine the prevalence and to identify the species of Leishmania that infects humans and stray dogs in Riyadh and Al-Qassim (Saudi Arabia), 311 stray dogs and 27 human patients, suspected for Leishmania, were examined for CL by a nested PCR (nPCR).Results: Nested PCR (nPCR) detected seven patients (25.9%) positive for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Five patients from Riyadh were infected by L. major and two from Al-Qassim by L. tropica. In addition, five dogs (1.6%) were infected by L. tropica. Conclusions: This is one of the first molecular studies of leishmaniasis from Saudi Arabia. The relationship between the sand fly vectors and the reservoirs of both Leishmania spp. is still scarcely known in this region, and further epidemiological investigations of domestic and wild canids infected with L. major and L. tropica are needed towards a control and prevention of the infection in canine and human populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Leishmania species from stray dogs and patients in Saudi Arabia

Alanazi

Alouffi

Alyousif

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Interestingly, preinfection of hamsters with Brugia malayi (a Wolbachia -harbouring filaria) determined significant protection against a successive challenge with Leishmania donovani (Murthy et al, 2008). In addition, epidemiological studies have so far revealed a limited number of cases of co-infection in dogs, with Dirofilaria and Leishmania ( Medkour et al, 2020;Gizzarelli et al, 2019). On the other hand, in dogs co-infected by D. immitis and L. infantum the presence of circulating Wolbachia DNA negatively correlates with clinical signs of leishmaniasis (Maia et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting innate immunity:Asaiabacteria expressing a protein fromWolbachiadetermine macrophage activation and killing ofLeishmania

Varotto-Boccazzi

Epis

Arnoldi

et al. 2020

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AbstractLeishmaniases are severe vector-borne diseases affecting humans and animals, caused by Leishmania protozoans. Immune polarization plays a major role in determining the outcome of Leishmania infections: hosts displaying M1-polarized macrophages are protected, while those biased on the M2 side acquire a chronic infection, that could develop into an overt and potentially deadly disease. The identification of the factors involved in M1 polarization is essential for the design of therapeutic and prophylactic interventions, including vaccines. Infection by the filarial nematode Dirofilaria immitis could be one of the factors that interfere with leishmaniasis in dogs. Indeed, filarial nematodes induce a partial skew of the immune response towards M1, likely caused by their bacterial endosymbionts, Wolbachia. Here we have examined the potential of AsaiaWSP, a bacterium engineered for the expression of the Wolbachia surface protein (WSP), as an inductor of M1 macrophage activation and Leishmania killing. Macrophages stimulated with AsaiaWSP displayed a strong leishmanicidal activity, comparable to that determined by the choice-drug amphotericin B. Additionally, AsaiaWSP determined the expression of markers of classical macrophage activation, including M1 cytokines, ROS and NO, and an increase in phagocytosis activity. Asaia not expressing WSP also induced macrophage activation, although at a lower extent compared to AsaiaWSP. In summary, our study, while providing a strong evidence for the immune-stimulating properties of Wolbachia, highlights the translational potential of AsaiaWSP in the areas of the immune-prophylaxis and therapy of leishmaniases, as well as of other diseases that could be subverted by M1 macrophage activation.

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“…However, L. tropica were part of the same cluster as members of the L. donovani complex (L. infantum, L. chagasi and L. donovani), although L. tropica sequences presented very limited intra-speci c genetic diversity, unlike sequences classi ed as belonging to the L. donovani complex. It is, thus, only possible to con rm the identity of the L. tropica isolates in this work based on their genetic distances to published L. tropica sequence [32]. Moreover, one limitation of this study is that negative controls were not included in the nal nPCR reactions and, thus it is not possible to assess if positive results were not due to cross-contamination, particularly in the reactions where all samples were positive, but measures have been taken in the lab (i.e; isolated PCR room, each sample handled separately) to prevent it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Leishmania species from stray dogs and patients in Saudi Arabia

Alanazi

Alouffi

Alyousif

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica cause cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans and dogs in several parts of the world, with a large number of cases recorded in the Middle East. However, when occurring in sympatry, the role of each species of Leishmania in the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is not clear. Methods: To determine the prevalence and to identify the species of Leishmania that infects humans and stray dogs in Riyadh and Al-Qaseem (Saudi Arabia), 311 stray dogs and 27 human patients, suspected for Leishmania, were examined for CL by a nested PCR (nPCR).Results: Nested PCR (nPCR) detected seven patients (25.9%) positive for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Five patients from Riyadh were infected by L. major and two from Al-Qaseem by L. tropica. In addition, five dogs (1.6%) were infected by L. tropica. Conclusions: This is one of the first molecular studies of leishmaniasis from Saudi Arabia. The relationship between the sand fly vectors and the reservoirs of both Leishmania spp. is still scarcely known in this region, and further epidemiological investigations of domestic and wild canids infected with L. major and L. tropica are needed towards a control and prevention of the infection in canine and human populations.

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Molecular and serological detection of animal and human vector-borne pathogens in the blood of dogs from Côte d’Ivoire

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Molecular characterization of Leishmania species from stray dogs and patients in Saudi Arabia

Molecular characterization of Leishmania species from stray dogs and patients in Saudi Arabia

Boosting innate immunity:Asaiabacteria expressing a protein fromWolbachiadetermine macrophage activation and killing ofLeishmania

Molecular characterization of Leishmania species from stray dogs and patients in Saudi Arabia

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