Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolated from Broiler Chicken Flocks in Egypt

Hussein, Hussein Awad; Ghanem, Ibrahim A.; Eid, Amal A.M.; Ali, Mohamed A.; Sherwood, Julie S.; Li, Ganwu; Nolan, Lisa K.; Logue, Catherine M.

doi:10.1637/10503-012513-reg.1

Cited by 63 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The results showed that highly pathogenic APEC strains harboured an average number of 4.6 VGs while an average of 4.3 and 3.9 were found among medium and low pathogenic APEC strains, respectively. The average number of VGs in AFEC isolates was 1.3. Subsequently, studies have used the pentaplex-PCR described by Johnson et al (2008b) and confirmed that it is a rapid diagnostic tool to differentiate between APEC and AFEC (de Oliveira et al, 2015;Dissanayake et al, 2014;Hussein et al, 2013). Despite the geographical variations of the studies, Kobayashi et al (2011) (68% -72%), Hussein et al (2013) (90% -94%) and de Oliverira et al (2015) (82% -95%) reported similar frequencies of the five VGs as Johnson et.al.…”

Section: Few In Vivomentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Johnson et al (2008b) used a large sample size, combined with extensive genotyping to select VG markers for APEC. Despite the variation in frequency of these five VGs in different overseas studies, a significant association between them and APEC has been reported (de Oliveira et al, 2015;Dissanayake et al, 2014;Hussein et al, 2013).…”

Section: Few In Vivomentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The role of these two genes in the APEC pathogenicity mechanism was identified by insertional mutagenesis (Wooley et al, 1992). Global variations in the prevalence of the iss gene in APEC have been reported, with a high prevalence of 80.5% to 100% found in isolates from the USA, Germany and Egypt (Ewers et al, 2004;Hussein et al, 2013;Johnson et al, 2008b;Rodriguez-Siek et al, 2005a). However, Delicato et al (2003) reported a lower prevalence (38.5%) of the iss gene among APEC isolates obtained from poultry with colibacillosis in Brazil.…”

Section: Serum Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is unknown whether the sole presence of the iss gene contributes to the pathogenicity or whether the iss gene is a marker for the presence of the plasmids associated with APEC pathogenicity (Hussein et al, 2013;Nilsson et al, 2014;Rodriguez-Siek et al, 2005a).…”

Section: Serum Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Avian colibacillosis causes multimillion-dollar annual losses for the poultry industry worldwide (Ewers et al, 2004;Hussein et al, 2013;Johnson et al, 2008b;Nolan et al, 2013). Production losses are associated with decreased productivity, high mortality and morbidity and are in addition to the costs associated with treatment and prevention on-farm and abattoir carcass condemnations (Ewers et al, 2004;Kabir, 2010;Nolan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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Section: Few In Vivomentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Few In Vivomentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Serum Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Serum Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Phylotyping and ColV plasmid-associated virulence genotyping of E. coli isolated from broiler chickens with colibacillosis in Iran

et al. 2016

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Virulence traits of avian pathogenic (APEC) and fecal (AFEC) E. coli isolated from broiler chickens in Algeria

Lounis

Zhao

et al. 2017

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) is the etiologic agent of avian colibacillosis, the most common disease responsible for chicken morbidity in the world. Although multiple virulence-associated factors were identified, their prevalence in Algeria is still poorly known. In the present research, 92 avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) isolates were recovered from broilers with clinical signs and lesions of colibacillosis. In addition, 32 E. coli isolates collected from feces of healthy birds (AFEC) were included for comparison. All isolates were investigated by PCR for the presence of a total of 11 virulence-associated genes described for avian pathogenic (iroN, ompT, hlyF, iss, iutA, and fimC) and diarrheagenic E. coli (eae, stx, elt/est, ipaH, and aggR). The sensitivity of 39 APEC isolates to 16 antibiotics was also determined using antimicrobial pretreated microplates. Here, we report that 98% of the examined isolates host at least one of the tested virulence factors. The most prevalent genes in APEC were iutA (90.6%), ompT (86.9%), and iss (85.8%); whereas, iutA (78.1%), fimC (78.1%), and iroN (68.7%) were the highest prevalent genes in AFEC. Our data showed that none of the AFEC isolates harbor any of the tested diarrheagenic genes. Moreover, only elt/est (5.4%), stx (2.1%), and ipaH (2.1%) genes were carried by APEC isolates. We further established that ceftazodime, ceftiofur, mequindox, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and meropenem were the most efficient antibiotics against the analyzed APEC isolates. Overall, our findings provide more insights about APEC and AFEC virulence potential in Algeria which could participate in the fight against colibacillosis.

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Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolated from Broiler Chicken Flocks in Egypt

Cited by 63 publications

References 51 publications

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Phylotyping and ColV plasmid-associated virulence genotyping of E. coli isolated from broiler chickens with colibacillosis in Iran

Virulence traits of avian pathogenic (APEC) and fecal (AFEC) E. coli isolated from broiler chickens in Algeria

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