Molecular and morphological delineation of Longidorus poessneckensis Altherr, 1974 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida)

Abstract

The plant-parasitic nematode Longidorus poessneckensis from the Czech Republic was morphologically and molecularly characterised. Molecular analyses were carried out using mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1-cox1) and ribosomal DNA (ITS2-second internal transcribed spacer, 18S gene and D2/D3 expansion segments of the 28S gene), which were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic relationship of L. poessneckensis with three morphologically closely related species, i.e. L. macrosoma, L. helveticus and L. uroshis, was inferred by using maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony methods, with a female of Xiphinema diversicaudatum and a bivulval female of X. vuittenezi as outgroups. All multiple alignments yielded similar basic trees supporting the uniqueness of L. poessneckensis and the validity of the four Longidorus species identified using morphological characters. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that L. poessneckensis is more closely related to L. macrosoma and L. helveticus than to L. uroshis. High inter-population diversity (19%) was observed across the cox1 gene between two populations of L. poessneckensis.

Characterization of Longidorus caespiticola (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from the Czech Republic

“…Though these nematodes are economically important pests, therefore an extensive study of these nematodes is being carried out in the Czech Republic. Previous surveys yielded six known species (Longidorus elongatus, L. euonymus, L. helveticus, L. intermedius, L. leptocephalus, L. poessneckensis) of genus Longidorus in the Czech Republic (Erbenová, 1977, Kumari & Decreamer 2007Kumari et al, 2009;Kumari & Subbotin, 2012). During recent nematological surveys L. caespiticola Hooper, 1961 was found only at one site for the first time in the Czech Republic.…”

The notes on the occurrence of Longidorus poessneckensis Altherr, 1974 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) in the Slovak Republic

“…), the Rivers Bodrog, Latorica, Tisa and other rivers in Slovakia (Lišková & Sturhan, 2000;Lišková, 2001;Lišková & Čerevková, 2005) and in Germany in soils near or along numerous ri-vers and small brooks (Altherr, 1974;Rau, 1975Rau, , 1976Sturhan, 1995;Sturhan & Loof, 1995). The most recent information is from the Czech Republic (Kumari et al, 2009) where the species has been found in the rhizosphere of Quercus forest on a plain, probably with higher and fluctuant tailwater level. Surprisingly, this species was found in a soil sample collected from the Betuleto-Carpineto-Quercetum forest on … the small upland plain on the top of Dariusova hora hill near the city of Košice in eastern Slovakia.…”

A single bivulval female of Xiphinema diversicaudatum and two bivulval females of Xiphinema vuittenezi (Nematoda: Longidoridae)

“…Ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences (accession numbers EF614265, EF614266, EF614267 and EU444017) of ♀2 (see Fig. 1) are studied by Kumari et al (2009). Lately, six normal females were sequenced from three populations from the Czech Republic.…”

“…Measurements and photographs were taken from the temporary mounts and slides were dismantled immediately. DNA was prepared from one specimen (Kumari et al, 2009) of X. vuittenezi and another specimen of X. vuittenezi and a single specimen of X. diversicaudatum were preserved in water at -70 °C for future molecular study. Identification was made using an Olympus BX-51 light microscope, equipped with a digital camera C4040 and differential interference con-...... trast (DIC, Nomarski).…”