Molecular and microscopic detection of <i>Theileria luwenshuni</i> infection in goats in and around Guwahati of Assam, India

Begam, Rabeya; Talukdar, Srabani; Sarmah, P. C.; Bulbul, Kamal Hashan; Kakati, Parikshit; Tamuly, Shantanu; Islam, Shariful

doi:10.1080/09291016.2019.1621066

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Pleomorphic piroplasms in red blood cells of Theileriaaffected goats, comprising rod, pear, dot, nail, comma, oval, parachute, round, and semi-comma shapes, were reported by Shruthi et al (2017) [8] in the Indian state of Karnataka. Microscopical analysis of stained blood smears can be used as a quick confirmatory diagnostic test for the start of curative treatment in animals affected by Theileriosis, even though it is less sensitive than molecular techniques like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of low levels of parasitaemia in theileriosis affected animals (Rabeya Begam et al, 2019) [7] . Anaemia, decreased haematocrit, leucocytosis, hypoproteinaemia, and hypoalbuminaemia are significant alterations in haematobiochemical parameters associated with caprine theileriosis in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Buparvaquone in successful therapeutic management of Caprine Theileriosis

Patowary,

Bhuyan,

Akhtar

et al. 2024

Int. J. Adv. Biochem. Res.

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Caprine theileriosis is a tick-borne infectious disease of goats predominantly transmitted by the Ixodid ticks of the genus Rhiphicephalus and Hyalomma species. In this present study a one-year-old female beetal goat was found to be suffering from inappetence, weakness, jowl edema since 2 days. Detailed clinical examination revealed rough body coat, emaciation, prostration, inability to get up, pyrexia, tachycardia, pale mucus membranes and enlarged lymph nodes. Anaemia, reduced haematocrit, leucocytosis, hypoproteinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia were the significant haematobiochemical abnormalities recorded in the goat. Theileriosis infection was confirmed by detection of piroplasms in red blood cells of Giemsa stained peripheral blood smears. Therapeutic management of the goat with buparvaquone along with supportive treatment resulted in uneventful recovery of the affected goat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Buparvaquone in successful therapeutic management of Caprine Theileriosis

Patowary,

Bhuyan,

Akhtar

et al. 2024

Int. J. Adv. Biochem. Res.

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“…Theileria luwenshuni was considered infecting only sheep and goats until it was discovered in wild cervids, cattle and yak of China (Li et al 2015;Qin et al 2016) and sheepdogs of Iran (Gholami et al 2016). Though the species is distributed in almost all the provinces of China, recently, there are reports from various states of India, namely, Karnataka (Mamatha et al 2017), Kerala (Nagaraj et al 2019) and Assam (Begam et al 2019). In addition to these South as well as North-Eastern states, the present report from Northern state of India points towards the wide distribution of T. luwenshuni in small ruminants of Indian subcontinent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Report from Great Britain suggested the endemic existence of T. luwenshuni among apparently healthy sheep and acute clinical disease may be associated with heavy tick infestation and immunosuppression(Phipps et al 2016) Nagaraj et al (2019). observed the caprine carriers of T. luwenshuni from Kerala, andBegam et al (2019) reported subclinical cases of caprine T. luwenshuni showing 100% PCR positivity that is reported from Assam recently. The less severe clinical signs in endemic herds may be attributed to the constant challenge of antigen through tick saliva and reaching endemic stability…”

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confidence: 91%

“…cattle and buffaloes were intensively studied (Sivakumar et al 2014;Pienaar et al 2020) due to frequent reporting of the disease from all parts of the globe. However, there are several reports of caprine and ovine theileriosis from different countries (Hooshmand-Rad and Hawa 1973;Luo and Yin 1997;Tageldin et al 2005;Altay et al 2007;Fatima et al 2015;Ringo et al 2018); the number of reports from India is scarce (Velusamy et al 2015;Mamatha et al 2017;Begam et al 2019;Nagaraj et al 2019) implying the prospects of further research in this area. About six different species of Theileria organisms have already been reported from sheep and goat viz., Theileria lestoquardi (formerly Theileria hirci) (Latif et al 1977), Theileria luwenshuni, Theileria uilenbergi (Yin et al 2007), Theileria separata (Van Vorstenbosch et al 1978), Theileria ovis (Uilenberg, 1981) and Theileria recondite (Enigk 1953), among which T. lestoquardi, T. luwenshuni and T. uilenbergi are described to be highly pathogenic (Rashidi and Razmi 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migratory Gaddi sheep and goats as potential carriers of Theileria infection: a molecular survey

Devi

Ajith

Mal

et al. 2021

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Theileriosis caused by parasites of the genus Theileria, is a vector-borne haemoprotozoan parasitic disease of critical concern in small ruminants. This study aimed to explore the infection status of migratory Gaddi sheep and goats with parasites from the Theileria genus in concurrence with ectoparasite infestations using molecular methods. Seventy three apparently healthy animals were randomly sampled from different flocks of migratory Gaddi sheep and goats and were systematically screened for ectoparasitic infestations. Molecular investigation for theileriosis was conducted using the genus wide polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Out of 56 (76.71%) animals positive for the genus Theileria, 2 randomly selected amplicons were sequenced and subjected to BLAST analysis and were showing 99.71% identity with Theileria luwenshuni, a pathogenic Theileria species of small ruminants. To confirm the presence of T. luwenshuni, species-specific PCR was attempted to identify that 38 (52.05%) animals were infected by T. luwenshuni. On analysing the molecular prevalence data of Theileria to the ectoparasitism, it was evident that the infection existed in the animals irrespective of the type of ectoparasitic infestation and even T. luwenshuni was found in non-infested animals also. This is the first report of subclinical infections of T. luwenshuni in sheep and goats of Northern India and its potential carrier status. The asymptomatic carrier status of these nomadic animals is a matter possessing serious implications on the disease transmission rates and the production economics of small ruminant production in this region.

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“…The disease is essential for its signi cance in the international trade of animals and animal products (Uilenberg 2001). In India, T. hirci and T. ovis are the most prevalent species reported in small ruminants (Nagaraj et al 2019;Rabeya et al 2019). On the other hand, the Anaplasma genus (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) are obligate intracellular microorganisms affecting almost all animals, including humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification and genetic characterization of Theileria and Anaplasma infection in sheep and goat of North Gujarat, India

Prajapati

Patel

et al. 2023

Parasitol Res

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Ticks and tick-borne diseases are signi cant health concerns in small ruminants. The present study was conducted to identify and characterize the genetic makeup of Theileria and Anapalsma species in sheep and goats located in different districts of North Gujarat. A total of 226 blood samples were collected from sheep (n=78) and goats (n=148) viz. Banaskantha (n=175), Patan (n=26), and Bhuj (n=25). PCR was carried out using a species-speci c primer of Theileria targeting 18S rRNA, SSU rRNA, and Anapalsma targetting the msp5 gene. A total of 29/78 (37.18%) sheep and 16/148 (10.81%) goats were found positive for Theileria.At the same time, 12/78 (15.38%) sheep and 38/148 (25.68%) goats were found positive for Anaplasma infection. Moreover, mixed infection was found in 10/226 (4.42%) sheep and goats. Tick-borne diseases were more prevalent in females compared to male sheep and goats. Theileria infection was more common in sheep, whereas Anapalsma was more dominant in goats of north Gujarat. Sequencing of six positive samples revealed the T. ovis and A. ovis infections in sheep and goats. Phylogenetic analysis of T. ovis SSU rRNA and Anaplasma spp. msp5 revealed that the pathogens identi ed in this study are clustered together, indicating similar molecular characteristics. Hyaloma and Rhipicephalus were common ticks identi ed in sheep and goats. We concluded that Theileria and Anaplasma are highly prevalent in the study area, and continuous monitoring of sheep and goats in North Gujarat is highly required. This is the rst scienti c report on Theileria and Anaplasma co-infections in sheep and goats from North Gujarat.

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Molecular and microscopic detection of Theileria luwenshuni infection in goats in and around Guwahati of Assam, India

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of Buparvaquone in successful therapeutic management of Caprine Theileriosis

Effect of Buparvaquone in successful therapeutic management of Caprine Theileriosis

Migratory Gaddi sheep and goats as potential carriers of Theileria infection: a molecular survey

Molecular identification and genetic characterization of Theileria and Anaplasma infection in sheep and goat of North Gujarat, India

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