Molecular and isotopic characterization of lipids in cultured halophilic microorganisms from the Dead Sea and comparison with the sediment record of this hypersaline lake

Stiehl, T.; Rullkötter, Jürgen; Nissenbaum, Arie

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.05.002

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, on further investigation, a broad range of these compounds was found in H. marismortui when gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of their trimethysilyl derivatives detected from one to six double bonds (6).…”

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confidence: 92%

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Positive and negative tandem mass spectrometric fingerprints of lipids from the halophilic Archaea Haloarcula marismortui

Souza

Müller-Santos

Iacomini

et al. 2009

Journal of Lipid Research

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Lipids from the extremely halophilic Archaea, Haloarcula marismortui, contain abundant phytanyl diether phospholipids, namely archaetidic acid (AA), archaetidylglycerol (AG), archaetidylglycerosulfate (AGS), with mainly archaetidylglycerophosphate methyl ester (AGP-Me). These were accompanied by a triglycosyl archaeol (TGA), lacking characteristic sulfate groups. Tandem-mass spectrometry was employed to provide fingerprints for identifying these known lipids, as well as small amounts of unsaturated phospholipids. These contained 3 and 6 double bonds in their archaeol moiety, suggested by negative tandem-MS of intact phospholipids, as indicated by differences between their pseudo-molecular ion and specific fragment ions designated as p 2 . The core ether lipids were confirmed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) as 2,3-di-O-phytanylsn-glycerol (C20, C20), which gave rise to a precursor-ion at

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confidence: 92%

“…However, some archaea can also contain lipids with shorter and larger carbon chains, such as C-15 or C-25 linked to glycerol (2,3), or a largest carbon framework (C-40), linked via four ether linkages to two glycerol units, such as in caldarchaeol structures (4,5). Double bonds also occur in the carbon chain of archaeol (6,7) (Fig. 1B).…”

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confidence: 99%

Positive and negative tandem mass spectrometric fingerprints of lipids from the halophilic Archaea Haloarcula marismortui

Souza

Müller-Santos

Iacomini

et al. 2009

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…None of the neutral lipids in Archaea-fed O. labronica tissues were archaeal-specific, despite the fact that this species could grow to reproduction on an Archaea monoculture. We note that although other researchers have found archaeol in both of the Archaea that we have used here (Qiu et al, 2000;Stiehl et al, 2005), we did not resolve these compounds within our cultures and thus our findings do not include intact polar lipids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Archaea in metazoan diets: implications for food webs and biogeochemical cycling

et al. 2012

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Although the importance of trophic linkages, including 'top-down forcing', on energy flow and ecosystem productivity is recognized, the influence of metazoan grazing on Archaea and the biogeochemical processes that they mediate is unknown. Here, we test if: (1) Archaea provide a food source sufficient to allow metazoan fauna to complete their life cycle; (2) neutral lipid biomarkers (including crocetane) can be used to identify Archaea consumers; and (3) archaeal aggregates are a dietary source for methane seep metazoans. In the laboratory, we demonstrated that a dorvilleid polychaete, Ophryotrocha labronica, can complete its life cycle on two strains of Euryarchaeota with the same growth rate as when fed bacterial and eukaryotic food. Archaea were therefore confirmed as a digestible and nutritious food source sufficient to sustain metazoan populations. Both strains of Euryarchaeota used as food sources had unique lipids that were not incorporated into O. labronica tissues. At methane seeps, sulfate-reducing bacteria that form aggregations and live syntrophically with anaerobic-methane oxidizing Archaea contain isotopically and structurally unique fatty acids (FAs). These biomarkers were incorporated into tissues of an endolithofaunal dorvilleid polychaete species from Costa Rica (mean bulk d 13 C ¼ À92±4%; polar lipids À116%) documenting consumption of archaeal-bacterial aggregates. FA composition of additional softsediment methane seep species from Oregon and California provided evidence that consumption of archaeal-bacterial aggregates is widespread at methane seeps. This work is the first to show that Archaea are consumed by heterotrophic metazoans, a trophic process we coin as 'archivory'.

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“…As opposed to the notion that extremely high salt The involvement of acetic acid in programmed cell death for the elimination of Bacillus sp. used in bioremediation concentrations may prohibit microbial life, a bacterium was isolated and characterized as Halobacterium marismortui several decades ago from the Dead Sea [34], also a photosynthetic algae and halophilic archaea were also isolated from the Dead Sea [35]. The ability of bacteria to live in hypersaline environments revealed its ability to be used as a tool in bioremediation, an acetate oxidizing sulfate reducing bacterium was isolated from the Great Salt Lake in Utah [36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The involvement of acetic acid in programmed cell death for the elimination of Bacillus sp. used in bioremediation

Gomaa

2012

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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A bacterium capable of tolerating some textile effluent conditions such as salinity and high temperature was used to decolorize methyl red (MR). Bacillus sp. isolated from Dead Sea salt was identified by 16S rRNA phylogenetic identification as Bacillus ST (accession number: HQ013327). The bacterium showed 98% color removal under microaerophilic conditions in 24 h at 30°C and 78% at 80°C in the presence of mannitol and NaCl. After decolorization an induced programmed cell death (PCD) was proposed to eliminate all living Bacillus ST cells. Acetic acid, which was linked to programmed cell death in yeast, was used in this study to examine its ability to induce PCD in bacteria as well. The acetic acid concentration used was enough to shift the culture pH from alkalinity to neutral. The formation of cytosolic caspase-3 suggested that the programmed cell death occurs through an extrinsic pathway by which mitochondria are by passed and caspases are directly activated. Comet assay which proved death upon the addition of 80 mM acetic acid in 120 min as compared to gamma radiation killed cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed cell shrinking, chromatin condensation and membrane blebbing which are all signs of PCD. The mode by which this bacterium follows in programmed cell death is very similar to those in mammalian and yeast cells. The process is proposed to be safe, efficient and cheap for getting rid of cells after bioremediation of colored effluent.

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Molecular and isotopic characterization of lipids in cultured halophilic microorganisms from the Dead Sea and comparison with the sediment record of this hypersaline lake

Cited by 30 publications

References 45 publications

Positive and negative tandem mass spectrometric fingerprints of lipids from the halophilic Archaea Haloarcula marismortui

Positive and negative tandem mass spectrometric fingerprints of lipids from the halophilic Archaea Haloarcula marismortui

Archaea in metazoan diets: implications for food webs and biogeochemical cycling

The involvement of acetic acid in programmed cell death for the elimination of Bacillus sp. used in bioremediation

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