Molecular and functional imaging of invasion and metastasis: Windows into the metastatic cascade

Stasinopoulos, Ioannis; Penet, Marie‐France; Krishnamachary, Balaji; Bhujwalla, Zaver M.

doi:10.3233/cbm-2010-0188

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Metastatic progression is a highly complex and coordinated cascade of events that is influenced by a wide variety of mediators (11,12). Among the key factors that participate in this process, adhesion molecules expressed on cancer cells and cells of the target organ have a crucial role (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of liver ICAM-1 in metastasis

2017

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Abstract. Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like superfamily, consisting of five extracellular Ig-like domains, a transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic tail. ICAM-1 is expressed in various cell types, including endothelial cells and leukocytes, and is involved in several physiological processes. Furthermore, it has additionally been reported to be expressed in various cancer cells, including melanoma, colorectal cancer and lymphoma. The majority of studies to date have focused on the expression of the ICAM-1 on the surface of tumor cells, without research into ICAM-1 expression at sites of metastasis. Cancer cells frequently metastasize to the liver, due to its unique physiology and specialized liver sinusoid capillary network. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells constitutively express ICAM-1, which is upregulated under inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, liver ICAM-1 may be important during the development of liver metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the understanding of the mechanisms mediated by this adhesion molecule in order to develop host-directed anticancer therapies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of liver ICAM-1 in metastasis

2017

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“…In addition to identifying proteolytic activity in the ECM, MRI probes are also making inroads into understanding the metastatic cascade (2), and in detecting small nodules in patients. Diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI can be applied to detect metastases in vivo , as shown by Lin et al , in a clinical study where the detection of pelvic lymph nodes was improved by combining size analysis on anatomic images with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, reaching a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 99% (69).…”

Section: Metastases Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MR probes that detect changes in the intra and extracellular space to characterize oncogenic tissue, receptor expression on cancer cells, and endothelial, and stromal cells within the tumor, protease activity, physiological properties such as pH, oxygen tension, angiogenesis, vascularization can be imaged in preclinical or clinical settings (Figure 1). These probes can also be used to improve metastases detection, and for theranostic imaging (1, 2). Because of the high sensitivity of detection of nuclear imaging, imaging receptor expression has been the traditional domain of nuclear imaging probes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR – eyes for cancer: looking within an impenetrable disease

et al. 2013

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Probe development is a critical component in cancer imaging, and novel probes are making major inroads in several aspects of cancer detection and image-guided treatments. Intrinsic MR probes such as signals from metabolites and their chemical shifts have been used for more than a decade to understand cancer physiology and metabolism. Through the integration of technology, molecular biology, and chemistry, the last few years have witnessed an explosion of extrinsic probes for molecular and functional imaging of cancer that, together with techniques such as CEST and hyperpolarization, have significantly expanded the repertoire of MR techniques in basic and translational investigations of many different aspects of cancer. Furthermore, incorporation of MR probes into multifunctional nanoparticles and multimodality imaging platforms have opened new opportunities for MR in image-guided diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Here we have provided an overview of recent innovations that have occurred in the development of MRI probes for molecular and functional imaging of cancer. Although most of these novel probes are not clinically available, they offer significant promise for future translational applications. In this review, we have highlighted the areas of future development that are likely to have a profound impact on cancer detection and treatment.

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“…Components of the TME are frequently co-opted by cancer cells to survive, invade and form distant metastasis 6 . Abnormalities in vasculature, lymphatics, and metabolism create heterogeneities in hypoxia, interstitial pressure and acidic microenvironments 7 that continually change, highlighting the importance of using noninvasive imaging to follow these dynamics 8 . Importantly, both cancer cells and the TME can be exploited for theranostic strategies 9 by incorporating imaging reporters within the carrier to detect the target of interest, and ascertain that the carrier with the therapeutic payload is at the target of interest and has cleared from normal tissue, before activating the therapy (schematic in Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy in Cancer Theranostic Imaging

Penet

Jin²,

Chen³

et al. 2016

Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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With its exquisite anatomical resolution and wide-ranging functional imaging capabilities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has found multiple applications in detection, staging, and monitoring treatment response in cancer. The metabolic information provided by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is being actively investigated to complement MRI parameters, as well as existing biomarkers, in cancer detection and in monitoring response to treatment. Located at the interface of detection and therapy, theranostic imaging is a rapidly expanding new field that is showing significant promise for precision medicine of cancer. Innovations in the development of novel nanoparticles decorated with imaging reporters that can be used to deliver therapeutic cargo to specific cells and environments have provided new roles for MRI and MRS in theranostic imaging.

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Molecular and functional imaging of invasion and metastasis: Windows into the metastatic cascade

Cited by 7 publications

References 104 publications

Role of liver ICAM-1 in metastasis

Role of liver ICAM-1 in metastasis

MR – eyes for cancer: looking within an impenetrable disease

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy in Cancer Theranostic Imaging

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