Molecular and elemental effects underlying the biochemical action of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in appetite control

Surowka, Artur Dawid; Ziomber, Agata; Czyzycki, Mateusz; Migliori, Alessandro; Kasper, K.; Szczerbowska-Boruchowska, Magdalena

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2018.01.061

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Anodal tDCS, however, produced a larger effect on protein secondary structure. Both polarities also reduced surface masses of several electrolytes, but again anodal tDCS had a stronger effect than cathodal tDCS ( Surowka et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Invasive and Non-invasive Stimulation of the Obese Human Brain

Pleger

2018

Front. Neurosci.

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Accumulating evidence suggests that non-invasive and invasive brain stimulation may reduce food craving and calorie consumption rendering these techniques potential treatment options for obesity. Non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or repetitive transcranial magnet stimulation (rTMS) are used to modulate activity in superficially located executive control regions, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Modulation of the DLPFC’s activity may alter executive functioning and food reward processing in interconnected dopamine-rich regions such as the striatum or orbitofrontal cortex. Modulation of reward processing can also be achieved by invasive deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the nucleus accumbens. Another target for DBS is the lateral hypothalamic area potentially leading to improved energy expenditure. To date, available evidence is, however, restricted to few exceptional cases of morbid obesity. The vagal nerve plays a crucial role in signaling the homeostatic demand to the brain. Invasive or non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is thus assumed to reduce appetite, rendering VNS another possible treatment option for obesity. Based on currently available evidence, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved VNS for the treatment of obesity. This review summarizes scientific evidence regarding these techniques’ efficacy in modulating food craving and calorie intake. It is time for large controlled clinical trials that are necessary to translate currently available research discoveries into patient care.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Regarding tDCS’s biochemical action mechanisms in the rat brain, Surowka et al (2018) recently investigated molecular and elemental tDCS effects in brain regions involved in appetite control. Rats fed high-caloric nutrients while receiving prefrontal stimulation showed significantly inhibited appetite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive and Non-invasive Stimulation of the Obese Human Brain

Pleger

2018

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Fundamental to the control of food intake is the interaction between the central nervous system and peptide hormones released within the circulation of the gastrointestinal tract 34 . Peripheral signals generated by the liver are received and integrated by neural circuits, mainly in the hypothalamus and brain stem, acting in the regulation of energy balance and metabolic homeostasis 34 , 35 . This occurs via hypothalamic neuropeptides, central nutrient sensing, and the action of peripheral hormones on the central or peripheral nervous systems 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has beneficial effects on liver lipid accumulation and hepatic inflammatory parameters in obese rats

Longo

Souza

Stein

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Obesity is key to liver steatosis development and progression. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising tool for eating disorders management but was not yet evaluated in steatosis. This study investigated tDCS’ effects on liver steatosis and inflammation in an experimental obesity model. Male Wistar rats (60 days-old) were randomly allocated (n = 10/group) as follows: standard-diet/sham tDCS (SDS), standard-diet/tDCS (SDT), hypercaloric-cafeteria-diet/sham tDCS (HDS), and hypercaloric-cafeteria-diet/tDCS (HDT). After 40 days of diet, animals received active or sham tDCS for eight days and were euthanized for liver fat deposition and inflammation analysis. HDS and HDT animals showed cumulative food consumption, total liver lipid deposits, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, IL-1β/IL-10 and TNF-α/IL-10 ratios significantly higher than the SDS and SDT groups (p < 0.001 for all parameters). tDCS (SDT and HDT) reduced liver lipid deposits (0.7 times for both, p < 0.05), IL-1β (0.7 times and 0.9 times, respectively, p < 0.05) and IL-1β/IL-10 index (0.6 times and 0.8 times, respectively, p < 0.05) in relation to sham (SDS and HDS). There was an interaction effect on the accumulation of hepatic triglycerides (p < 0.05). tDCS reduced 0.8 times the average liver triglyceride concentration in the HDT vs. HDS group (p < 0.05). In this obesity model, tDCS significantly decreased liver steatosis and hepatic inflammation. These results may justify looking into tDCS utility for human steatosis.

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“…The former is protein-rich due to highly abundant neuron bodies, whereas the latter is high-lipid due to myelin-rich fibre tracts. FCx is particularly interesting for research on neuro-metabolic disorders, such as obesity, as it plays a role in maintaining proper motor control of the organism (Surowka et al, 2018).…”

Section: Sample Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft X-ray induced radiation damage in thin freeze-dried brain samples studied by FTIR microscopy

Surowka¹,

Gianoncelli²,

Birarda³

et al. 2020

J Synchrotron Rad

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In order to push the spatial resolution limits to the nanoscale, synchrotron-based soft X-ray microscopy (XRM) experiments require higher radiation doses to be delivered to materials. Nevertheless, the associated radiation damage impacts on the integrity of delicate biological samples. Herein, the extent of soft X-ray radiation damage in popular thin freeze-dried brain tissue samples mounted onto Si3N4 membranes, as highlighted by Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FTIR), is reported. The freeze-dried tissue samples were found to be affected by general degradation of the vibrational architecture, though these effects were weaker than those observed in paraffin-embedded and hydrated systems reported in the literature. In addition, weak, reversible and specific features of the tissue–Si3N4 interaction could be identified for the first time upon routine soft X-ray exposures, further highlighting the complex interplay between the biological sample, its preparation protocol and X-ray probe.

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Molecular and elemental effects underlying the biochemical action of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in appetite control

Cited by 18 publications

References 74 publications

Invasive and Non-invasive Stimulation of the Obese Human Brain

Invasive and Non-invasive Stimulation of the Obese Human Brain

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has beneficial effects on liver lipid accumulation and hepatic inflammatory parameters in obese rats

Soft X-ray induced radiation damage in thin freeze-dried brain samples studied by FTIR microscopy

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