Molecular and Ecological Studies of a Virus Family (Iridoviridae) Infecting Invertebrates and Ectothermic Vertebrates

Chinchar, V. Gregory; Duffus, Amanda L. J.

doi:10.3390/v11060538

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…During viral infection, modifications appear in the host cell membranes and are transported by the vesicular transport system of the host cell (Wickner and Schekman, 2005;Yu et al, 2019a). These modifications are associated with viral replication and host cell immunity and play critical roles in various physiological functions (Abós et al, 2015;Chinchar and Duffus, 2019). Studying the entry pathways of modifications is important in understanding viral pathogenesis and the development of diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches to the very early critical steps of viral infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iridoviruses are large icosahedral cytoplasmic DNA viruses with circularly permuted, terminally redundant, double-stranded DNA genomes (Qin et al, 2003). The family Iridoviridae includes six genera: Ranavirus, Iridovirus, Chloriridovirus, Lymphocystivirus, Megalocytivirus, and Decapodiridovirus (Chinchar and Duffus, 2019). Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) was first isolated from the grouper Epinephelus tauvina.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the host cell, the SGIV is transported to the replication site, where the viral genes are expressed (Seisenberger et al, 2001). Many SGIV structural genes and non-structural genes have already been studied and are related to viral replication, pathogenesis, and host cell immunity (Chinchar et al, 2009;Chinchar and Duffus, 2019). During infection, modifications appear in the host cell membranes (Verdaguer et al, 2014;Abós et al, 2015;Seeger and Mason, 2015;Yu et al, 2019a), which can potentially be used as important biomarkers of infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific Aptamer-Based Probe for Analyzing Biomarker MCP Entry Into Singapore Grouper Iridovirus-Infected Host Cells via Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Biomarkers have important roles in various physiological functions and disease pathogenesis. As a nucleocytoplasmic DNA virus, Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) causes high economic losses in the mariculture industry. Aptamer-Q5-complexed major capsid protein (MCP) in the membrane of SGIV-infected cells can be used as a specific molecular probe to investigate the crucial events of MCP endocytosis into SGIV-infected host cells during viral infection. Chlorpromazine blocks clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and MCP endocytosis into SGIV-infected cells decreased significantly when the cells were pretreated with chlorpromazine. The disruption of cellular cholesterol by methylβ-cyclodextrin also significantly reduced MCP endocytosis. In contrast, inhibitors of key regulators of caveolae/raft-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis, including genistein, Na + /H + exchanger, p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1), myosin II, Rac1 GTPase, and protein kinase C (PKC), had no effect on MCP endocytosis. The endocytosis of the biomarker MCP is dependent on low pH and cytoskeletal actin filaments, as shown with various inhibitors (chloroquine, ammonia chloride, cytochalasin D). Therefore, MCP enters SGIV-infected host cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which is dependent on dynamin, cholesterol, low pH, and cytoskeletal actin filaments. This is the first report of a specific aptamer-based probe used to analyze MCP endocytosis into SGIV-infected host cells during viral infection. This method provides a convenient strategy for exploring viral pathogenesis and facilitates the development of diagnostic tools for and therapeutic approaches to viral infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific Aptamer-Based Probe for Analyzing Biomarker MCP Entry Into Singapore Grouper Iridovirus-Infected Host Cells via Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The former comprised three genera: Ranavirus , whose members mainly infects fish, amphibians, and reptiles; Lymphocystivirus and Megalocytivirus , whose members target only on bony fish. Another subfamily contains four genera ( Iridovirus , Chloriridovirus , Decapodiridovirus , and Daphniairidovirus ), which mainly infect invertebrates such as crustaceans and insects [2] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomic analysis reveals new evidence of genus boundary for family Iridoviridae and explores qualified hallmark genes

Zhao

Zou

et al. 2022

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal

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“…In addition to indirect bottom‐up effects, all three of these invasive species prey upon hatchling mud turtles and decrease population recruitment (Akins & Jones, 2010; Hensley et al, 2010). Bullfrogs can also carry and may transmit diseases that affect turtles, such as ranaviruses (Winzeler et al, 2015; Chinchar & Duffus, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial assessment of freshwater invasive species to inform turtle conservation and management

Araya‐Donoso

Orton

Ryan

et al. 2022

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Identifying the ecological factors that determine the spread of invasive species is key to adequately managing endangered species in freshwater ecosystems.Invasive species are a main threat to turtles, which are targets of major conservation efforts worldwide.2. In freshwater ecosystems of the south-western USA, invasive bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) and crayfish species (Faxonius virilis and Procambarus clarkii) represent a major risk to the desert mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense sonoriense), state-listed as a Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Arizona. As a species in the early stages of population decline, the desert mud turtle is a top candidate for the development of management plans to decrease extinction risk.3. An invasion risk assessment tool was built from available occurrence data for K. s. sonoriense and the invasive bullfrog and crayfish species in Arizona using 5,886 de-duplicated records from public databases and reports from the Arizona Game and Fish Department. The occurrence density of K. s. sonoriense was calculated state-wide to define populations in which the level of invasion by bullfrog and crayfish was assessed. The environmental factors associated with the abundance of invasive species in populations of K. s. sonoriense were then analysed. 4. A higher prevalence of crayfish and bullfrog was detected in turtle populations located in perennial streams. Invasive abundance was significantly higher in turtle populations at higher elevation and closer to the main river trunk for both invasive taxa. Higher bullfrog abundance was detected near human settlements, whereas crayfish were more abundant further from human settlements. 5. These results will inform which populations of K. s. sonoriense require intensive surveying and control of invasive species to maintain the health of native desert mud turtle populations. This study provides valuable information regarding the environmental conditions associated with the abundance of invasive species threatening turtle populations, helping to develop science-based management of freshwater ecosystems.

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Molecular and Ecological Studies of a Virus Family (Iridoviridae) Infecting Invertebrates and Ectothermic Vertebrates

Abstract: Research involving viruses within the family Iridoviridae (generically designated iridovirids to distinguish members of the family Iridoviridae from members of the genus Iridovirus) has markedly increased in recent years [...]

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Specific Aptamer-Based Probe for Analyzing Biomarker MCP Entry Into Singapore Grouper Iridovirus-Infected Host Cells via Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis

Specific Aptamer-Based Probe for Analyzing Biomarker MCP Entry Into Singapore Grouper Iridovirus-Infected Host Cells via Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis

Comparative genomic analysis reveals new evidence of genus boundary for family Iridoviridae and explores qualified hallmark genes

Geospatial assessment of freshwater invasive species to inform turtle conservation and management

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