Molecular and cellular mechanisms of diversity within grapevine varieties

Pelsy, Frédérique

doi:10.1038/hdy.2009.161

Cited by 118 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Vegetative propagation immortalizes a cultivar by allowing numerous genetically identical copies to be produced, but it also enables clones with unique traits to be generated by propagating tissue from the mother plant, which carries somatic mutations leading to unique phenotypes (9). For example, Pinot has been extensively propagated into clones with diverse phenotypes, such as lighter berry color (e.g., Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris) and pigmented pulp (Pinot Teinturier).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure and domestication history of the grape

Myles

Boyko

Owens

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

658

672

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The grape is one of the earliest domesticated fruit crops and, since antiquity, it has been widely cultivated and prized for its fruit and wine. Here, we characterize genome-wide patterns of genetic variation in over 1,000 samples of the domesticated grape, Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera, and its wild relative, V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris from the US Department of Agriculture grape germplasm collection. We find support for a Near East origin of vinifera and present evidence of introgression from local sylvestris as the grape moved into Europe. High levels of genetic diversity and rapid linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay have been maintained in vinifera, which is consistent with a weak domestication bottleneck followed by thousands of years of widespread vegetative propagation. The considerable genetic diversity within vinifera, however, is contained within a complex network of close pedigree relationships that has been generated by crosses among elite cultivars. We show that first-degree relationships are rare between wine and table grapes and among grapes from geographically distant regions. Our results suggest that although substantial genetic diversity has been maintained in the grape subsequent to domestication, there has been a limited exploration of this diversity. We propose that the adoption of vegetative propagation was a double-edged sword: Although it provided a benefit by ensuring true breeding cultivars, it also discouraged the generation of unique cultivars through crosses. The grape currently faces severe pathogen pressures, and the long-term sustainability of the grape and wine industries will rely on the exploitation of the grape's tremendous natural genetic diversity.genomics | SNP array | positive selection | genome-wide association

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure and domestication history of the grape

Myles

Boyko

Owens

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

658

672

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The unique exceptions were VMC5G7 and B003, which showed genotype inconsistencies in only one pedigree, but it did not fit the presence of null allele pattern. Those two cases may be the result of somaclonal mutations which are not rare in grapevine (Pelsy 2010). In an attempt to avoid null alleles and recover monolocus segregation, alternative primers were designed for 37 problematic markers (32 suspected of carrying null alleles, 4 multilocus (UDV-021, FAM62, VMC1E11, and UDV-134), and VVS3).…”

Section: Amplification Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-genome genotyping of grape using a panel of microsatellite multiplex PCRs

Zarouri¹,

Vargas²,

Gaforio³

et al. 2015

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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The use of microsatellite markers in large-scale genetic studies is limited by its low throughput and high cost and labor requirements. Here, we provide a panel of 45 multiplex PCRs for fast and cost-efficient genome-wide fluorescencebased microsatellite analysis in grapevine. The developed multiplex PCRs panel (with up to 15-plex) enables the scoring of 270 loci covering all the grapevine genome (9 to 20 loci/chromosome) using only 45 PCRs and sequencer runs. The 45 multiplex PCRs were validated using a diverse grapevine collection of 207 accessions, selected to represent most of the cultivated Vitis vinifera genetic diversity. Particular attention was paid to quality control throughout the whole process (assay replication, null allele detection, ease of scoring). Genetic diversity summary statistics and features of electrophoretic profiles for each studied marker are provided, as are the genotypes of 25 common cultivars that could be used as references in other studies.

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“…The identification of the genes responsible for agronomically important traits can now give insights into plant phenotypic evolution. The articles published in this issue by Fournier-Level et al (2010) and Pelsy (2010) on grapevines both contribute towards this general aim.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%