Molecular and cellular mechanism of the effect of La(III) on horseradish peroxidase

Wang, Lihong; Zhou, Qing; Lu, Tianhong; Ding, Xifeng; Huang, Xiaohua

doi:10.1007/s00775-010-0665-7

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…3A), which was in agreement with our previous observations (18). Moreover, when the incubation time was extended to 72 h, we found that some of 140 La(III) nanoscale clusters were eliminated from the cytoplasm and the amount of 140 La(III) deposited on the cell membranes and intracellular space was obviously decreased compared with that at 48 h (Fig.…”

Section: La(iii) Treatments Activated Endocytosis In Plant Cellssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, little consensus has yet been reached regarding the life cycle of REEs in plant cells. Some studies report that REEs cannot enter the plant cells but only be localized in apoplast (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14); other studies, however, argue that REEs cannot only enter the plant cells, but also be deposited inside the cells, such as in the membranes of chloroplast, vacuole, cytoplasm, and nucleus (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). The discrepancy may be because of different experimental methods and different concentrations of REE ions used in separate studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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125

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It has long been observed that rare earth elements (REEs) regulate multiple facets of plant growth and development. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, using electron microscopic autoradiography, we show the life cycle of a light REE (lanthanum) and a heavy REE (terbium) in horseradish leaf cells. Our data indicate that REEs were first anchored on the plasma membrane in the form of nanoscale particles, and then entered the cells by endocytosis. Consistently, REEs activated endocytosis in plant cells, which may be the cellular basis of REE actions in plants. Moreover, we discovered that a portion of REEs was successively released into the cytoplasm, self-assembled to form nanoscale clusters, and finally deposited in horseradish leaf cells. Taken together, our data reveal the life cycle of REEs and their cellular behaviors in plant cells, which shed light on the cellular mechanisms of REE actions in living organisms.activation | endocytic vesicle S ome trace elements, such as rare earth elements (REEs), have been observed for a long time to be beneficial to plant growth (1, 2). REEs are f-block elements in the periodic table, including 15 lanthanides, plus scandium and yttrium (2). The beneficial effect of REEs on plants was first reported in 1917, when it was found that cerium, an REE, improved physiological activities of water-floss (Spirogyra) (3). Since the 1970s, REEs have been widely used in agriculture as plant growth stimulants (4). Currently, more than 100 of crop species have been applied with REEs, which has increased crop yields by 5-15% (4). In addition, REEs also serve to protect plants against certain plant diseases and some stresses, such as drought, cold, acid rain, or heavy metals (2). The wide use of REEs has caused an overaccumulation of REEs in the ecosystem, including soil (5), atmosphere (6), and water (7). Moreover, it was shown that REEs have dual effects on plant growth: low concentrations of REEs exert positive effects on growth and yield of crops, whereas high concentrations of REEs seem to be harmful for plants, indicating that REEs are not absolutely good for plants (2). Therefore, it is imperative to elucidate how REEs act on plant cells to ensure food safety.Despite of many advances achieved in recent years, the action mechanisms of REEs on plant cells still remain poorly understood (2). Several explanations, which are mainly focused on the physiological roles of REEs in plant cells, have been proposed (2). These mechanisms include the possible changes of photosynthesis, mineral nutrient uptake and metabolism, catalytic activities of some enzymes, hormonal balance, and so forth (2). However, these hypotheses are not connected to any cellular or molecular principles and are therefore far from explaining the action mechanisms of REEs in plants (2,8). In addition, little consensus has yet been reached regarding the life cycle of REEs in plant cells. Some studies report that REEs cannot enter the plant cells but only be localized in apoplast (8-14); other st...

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Section: La(iii) Treatments Activated Endocytosis In Plant Cellssupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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125

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“…Similarly, since there was no fraction showing any MDH activity except for that containing XoxF1, MxaFI may be inactive in cells grown in the presence of La 3+ , although their hetero-tetramerization has not been examined (data not shown). It has been reported that Ca 2+ -dependent enzymes and other proteins, e.g ., horseradish peroxidase, might be inhibited by La 3+ [27]–[30]. Thus we hypothesize that La 3+ may inhibit MxaFI posttranslational activation and/or its activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are regarded as “the vitamins of modern industry”, since many of them are utilized in a wide range of industrial products such as glass, catalysts, alloys, ceramics, and magnets. As for their effects on life forms, the REEs have not been characterized as either essential or strongly toxic elements in the environment [26], although some have negative effects as inhibitors of several enzymes and proteins [27]–[30], and some exert positive effects as growth promoters for various crops [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Catalytic Role of XoxF1 as La3+-Dependent Methanol Dehydrogenase in Methylobacterium extorquens Strain AM1

et al. 2012

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In the methylotrophic bacterium Methylobacterium extorquens strain AM1, MxaF, a Ca2+-dependent methanol dehydrogenase (MDH), is the main enzyme catalyzing methanol oxidation during growth on methanol. The genome of strain AM1 contains another MDH gene homologue, xoxF1, whose function in methanol metabolism has remained unclear. In this work, we show that XoxF1 also functions as an MDH and is La3+-dependent. Despite the absence of Ca2+ in the medium strain AM1 was able to grow on methanol in the presence of La3+. Addition of La3+ increased MDH activity but the addition had no effect on mxaF or xoxF1 expression level. We purified MDH from strain AM1 grown on methanol in the presence of La3+, and its N-terminal amino acid sequence corresponded to that of XoxF1. The enzyme contained La3+ as a cofactor. The ΔmxaF mutant strain could not grow on methanol in the presence of Ca2+, but was able to grow after supplementation with La3+. Taken together, these results show that XoxF1 participates in methanol metabolism as a La3+-dependent MDH in strain AM1.

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“…Many toxic mechanisms of REEs on plants have been proposed, including changes in photosynthesis, mineral nutrition, respiration, antioxidant system, and many other processes [1,[19][20][21][22]. In previous studies, we observed that REE ions (III) decreases the activity of peroxidase in horseradish (HRP), one type of antioxidant enzymes, leading to an excessive increase in the free radical content and the subsequent peroxidation of cell membrane lipids in horseradish [23][24][25][26][27][28]. However, peroxidase also plays an important role in the lignification of cell wall [29], indicating that peroxidase is not absolutely good for plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Horseradish Peroxidase in Response to Terbium Stress

Zhang

Wang

Zhou

2014

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The pollution of the environment by rare earth elements (REEs) causes deleterious effects on plants. Peroxidase plays important roles in plant response to various environmental stresses. Here, to further understand the overall roles of peroxidase in response to REE stress, the effects of the REE terbium ion (Tb(3+)) on the peroxidase activity and H2O2 and lignin contents in the leaves and roots of horseradish during different growth stages were simultaneously investigated. The results showed that after 24 and 48 h of Tb(3+) treatment, the peroxidase activity in horseradish leaves decreased, while the H2O2 and lignin contents increased. After a long-term (8 and 16 days) treatment with Tb(3+), these effects were also observed in the roots. The analysis of the changes in peroxidase activity and H2O2 and lignin contents revealed that peroxidase plays important roles in not only reactive oxygen species scavenging but also cell wall lignification in horseradish under Tb(3+) stress. These roles were closely related to the dose of Tb(3+), duration of stress, and growth stages of horseradish.

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Molecular and cellular mechanism of the effect of La(III) on horseradish peroxidase

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

A Catalytic Role of XoxF1 as La3+-Dependent Methanol Dehydrogenase in Methylobacterium extorquens Strain AM1

Roles of Horseradish Peroxidase in Response to Terbium Stress

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