Molecular and biochemical mechanisms of phosphorus uptake into plants

Rausch, Christine; Daram, Pierre

doi:10.1002/1522-2624(200104)164:2<209::aid-jpln209>3.3.co;2-6

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…These genes were significantly expressed in roots of urea-treated plants (Supplemental Table S1) and could have been involved in the urea uptake process. Nutrient uptake processes and their molecular components are often regulated in response to two major parameters, nutrient availability and plant nutritional status (Buchner et al, 2001(Buchner et al, , 2004Glass et al, 2002). Accordingly, urea uptake indeed seems to be induced by its own substrate, but only in the absence of other N sources (Fig.…”

Section: Discussion Arabidopsis Plants Absorb Urea As An External N Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Transcriptomic Aspects of Urea Uptake and Assimilation in Arabidopsis Plants

Mérigout

Lelandais²,

Bitton³

et al. 2008

Plant Physiology

105

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Urea is the major nitrogen (N) form supplied as fertilizer in agriculture, but it is also an important N metabolite in plants. Urea transport and assimilation were investigated in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Uptake studies using 15 N-labeled urea demonstrated the capacity of Arabidopsis to absorb urea and that the urea uptake was regulated by the initial N status of the plants. Urea uptake was stimulated by urea but was reduced by the presence of ammonium nitrate in the growth medium. N deficiency in plants did not affect urea uptake. Urea exerted a repressive effect on nitrate influx, whereas urea enhanced ammonium uptake. The use of [ N]urea and [15 N]ammonium tracers allowed us to show that urea and ammonium assimilation pathways were similar. Finally, urea uptake was less efficient than nitrate uptake, and urea grown-plants presented signs of N starvation. We also report the first analysis, to our knowledge, of Arabidopsis gene expression profiling in response to urea. Our transcriptomic approach revealed that nitrate and ammonium transporters were transcriptionally regulated by urea as well as key enzymes of the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway. AtDUR3, a high-affinity urea transporter in Arabidopsis, was strongly up-regulated by urea. Moreover, our transcriptomic data suggest that other genes are also involved in urea influx.

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Section: Discussion Arabidopsis Plants Absorb Urea As An External N Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Transcriptomic Aspects of Urea Uptake and Assimilation in Arabidopsis Plants

Mérigout

Lelandais²,

Bitton³

et al. 2008

Plant Physiology

105

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“…Pi limitation leads to morphological modifications, such as an increase in root-to-shoot ratio, increase in the length and density of root hairs, as well as of the proliferation of lateral roots (Raghothama, 1999;Bucher et al, 2001;Poirier and Bucher, 2002). These changes in root architecture markedly increase the root-soil interface, allowing the roots to explore a larger volume of soil.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the PHO1 Gene Family and the Responses to Phosphate Deficiency of Physcomitrella patens

2007

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PHO1 was previously identified in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) as a protein involved in loading inorganic phosphate (Pi) into the xylem of roots and its expression was associated with the vascular cylinder. Seven genes homologous to AtPHO1 (PpPHO1;1-PpPHO1;7) have been identified in the moss Physcomitrella patens. The corresponding proteins harbor an SPX tripartite domain in the N-terminal hydrophilic portion and an EXS domain in the conserved C-terminal hydrophobic portion, both common features of the plant PHO1 family. Northern-blot analysis showed distinct expression patterns for the PpPHO1 genes, both at the tissue level and in response to phosphate deficiency. Transgenic P. patens expressing the b-glucuronidase reporter gene under three different PpPHO1 promoters revealed distinct expression profiles in various tissues. Expression of PpPHO1;1 and PpPHO1;7 was specifically induced by Pi starvation. P. patens homologs to the Arabidopsis PHT1, DGD2, SQD1, and APS1 genes also responded to Pi deficiency by increased mRNA levels. Morphological changes associated with Pi deficiency included elongation of caulonemata with inhibition of the formation of side branches, resulting in colonies with greater diameter, but reduced mass compared to Pi-sufficient plants. Under Pi-deficient conditions, P. patens also increased the synthesis of ribonucleases and of an acid phosphatase, and increased the ratio of sulfolipids over phospholipids. These results indicate that P. patens and higher plants share some common strategies to adapt to Pi deficiency, although morphological changes are distinct, and that the PHO1 proteins are well conserved in bryophyte despite the lack of a developed vascular system.

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“…MtPT1, MtPT2 and MtPT3 of M. truncatula are well characterized (Bucher et al, 2001;Liu et al, 2008) and they belong to PHT1 family, but differently from MtPT4 their mRNA level were reduced in mycorrhizal roots, excluding their involvement in Pi transfer at the arbuscular interface (Chiou et al, 2001). In M. truncatula two other PHT1 genes of the direct pathway have been identified: MtPT5 and MtPT6, both genes are expressed in nocolonized root but they are also affected in AM plants (Grunwald et al, 2009).…”

Section: Phosphate Transport In the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal and Plant Tools for the Uptake of Nutrients in Arbuscular Mycorrhizas

Giovannetti

Volpe

Salvioli

et al. 2017

Mycorrhizal Mediation of Soil

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This is the author's final version of the contribution published as: One of the most ancient and successful strategies which plants adopted for nutrient acquisition is the formation of symbiotic association with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The AM fungi can grow extensively in the soil thanks to an extended hyphal network and, therefore, reach unexplored soil niches, resulting in a high efficient mining for nutrients that are not accessible to the plant roots.On the other hand, the plant provides the fungus with up to 20% of its assimilated carbon, allowing the fungus to conclude its life cycle with the production of new spores. The AM symbiosis has been the default situation for plants since their appearance on Earth with the exception of those plants that lost this capacity during their evolution, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and plants belonging to the Brassicales order (Bravo et al., 2015).The key structure of the nutrient exchange between the two symbiotic partners is a highly branched hypha, so-called arbuscule for its similarities to a tiny tree, completely surrounded by the invagination of the plant plasma membrane. The last is called perifungal membrane and it is enriched by plant nutrient transporters, which are induced by the AM fungal presence. Comparing fossils from 450 mya arbuscules (Remy et al., 1994) with confocal microscope pictures of the same structure from nowadays plants is sufficient to realize how well conserved have been the arbuscules, suggesting that mechanism controlling the fungal morphogenesis inside a plant cell have been maintained along the evolution, irrespectively of the plant identity (Bonfante and Genre, 2008). Despite the high level of conservation of the arbuscule across time, it is worth to remember that it constitutes an ephemeral structure lasting for around 5 days within a single plant cortical cell (Kobae and Hata, 2010). The mechanisms underlying the collapse of the arbuscule are still to be disentangled: a possible weekly checkpoint assures that the symbiosis is still efficient to the partners. It is known that, among different partners, a fine-tuned molecular mechanism regulates the symbiosis, while the exchange of nutrients is a major tool to assess it, as described by the biological market theory (Kiers et al., 2011). A detailed knowledge and research on nutrient uptake within AM symbiosis will have therefore two possible outputs: better understanding the impact of AM fungi on plant nutrition, improving their use in a more sustainable agriculture, and revealing which molecular drivers had led and controlled the establishment of this highly conserved and long-lasting relationship.In this chapter, we will provide a detailed description of our current knowledge about fungal and plant molecular mechanisms involved in nutrient uptake within an Arbuscular Mycorrhizal symbiosis. In particular, three major macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous and sulfur) will be discussed with a special focus on old and new paradigms, future perspectives and open questions.The i...

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Molecular and biochemical mechanisms of phosphorus uptake into plants

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Physiological and Transcriptomic Aspects of Urea Uptake and Assimilation in Arabidopsis Plants

Physiological and Transcriptomic Aspects of Urea Uptake and Assimilation in Arabidopsis Plants

Characterization of the PHO1 Gene Family and the Responses to Phosphate Deficiency of Physcomitrella patens

Fungal and Plant Tools for the Uptake of Nutrients in Arbuscular Mycorrhizas

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