Molecular and Antibiogram Relationships of Acinetobacter Isolates from Two Contrasting Hospitals in the United Kingdom and South Africa

Webster, Carol; Towner, K. J.; Gl, Saunders; Crewe-Brown, H. H.; Humphreys, H.

doi:10.1007/s100960050354

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For example, of 15 isolates examined from a hospital in the Midlands, 13 belonged to different clusters, suggesting that there were a number of different strains circulating in this particular hospital that were capable of causing infections. Similar contrasting epidemiological relationships among Acinetobacter isolates from different geographical locations have been reported previously [15], possibly reflecting patient mix or the efficiency of different local control of infection policies and procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Population structure and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter DNA group 2 and 13TU isolates from hospitals in the UK

Spence¹,

Towner²,

Henwood

et al. 2002

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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A total of 287 Acinetobacter isolates belonging to DNA groups 2 (A. baumannii) and 13TU was collected consecutively from 46 hospitals and typed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting with primers DAF-4 and ERIC-2. With a similarity coefficient of >72% as a cut-off value, 37 clusters of genotypically similar isolates (genotypes) were recognised. Four major clusters, found in 15, 12, 12 and 8 hospitals respectively, accounted for 42% of isolates, but only three of these predominant clusters were associated with outbreaks of infection in individual hospitals. Many of the isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics, including expanded-spectrum â-lactam agents, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, but >98% remained susceptible to carbapenems and colistin. Overall, the study demonstrated that a heterogeneous population of Acinetobacter DNA group 2 and 13TU isolates, frequently showing multiple resistance to antibiotics, was causing infections in UK hospitals, and that four predominant genotypes appeared to have disseminated among geographically distinct locations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Population structure and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter DNA group 2 and 13TU isolates from hospitals in the UK

Spence¹,

Towner²,

Henwood

et al. 2002

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…However, these MLST approaches cannot provide a real-time surveillance capability. Furthermore, Acinetobacter infections can be the result of one of several pathogenic Acinetobacter species, including A. baumannii, Acinetobacter genomospecies 13TU, or Acinetobacter genomospecies 3 (17,35,42,45).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Acinetobacter Species and Genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii by Multilocus PCR and Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2006

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Members of the genus Acinetobacter are ubiquitous in soil and water and are an important cause of nosocomial infections. A rapid method is needed to genotype Acinetobacter isolates to determine epidemiology and clonality during infectious outbreaks. Multilocus PCR followed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) is a method that uses the amplicon base compositions to genotype bacterial species. In order to identify regions of the Acinetobacter genome useful for this method, we sequenced regions of six housekeeping genes (trpE, adk, efp, mutY, fumC, and ppa) from 267 isolates of Acinetobacter. Isolates were collected from infected and colonized soldiers and civilians involved in an outbreak in the military health care system associated with the conflict in Iraq, from previously characterized outbreaks in European hospitals, and from culture collections. Most of the isolates from the Iraqi conflict were Acinetobacter baumannii (189 of 216 isolates). Among these, 111 isolates had genotypes identical or very similar to those associated with well-characterized A. baumannii isolates from European hospitals. Twenty-seven isolates from the conflict were found to have genotypes representing different Acinetobacter species, including 8 representatives of Acinetobacter genomospecies 13TU and 13 representatives of Acinetobacter genomospecies 3. Analysis by the PCR/ESI-MS method using nine primer pairs targeting the most information-rich regions of the trpE, adk, mutY, fumC, and ppa genes distinguished 47 of the 48 A. baumannii genotypes identified by sequencing and identified at the species level at least 18 Acinetobacter species. Results obtained with our genotyping method were essentially in agreement with those obtained by pulse-field gel electrophoresis analysis. The PCR/ ESI-MS genotyping method required 4 h of analysis time to first answer with additional samples subsequently analyzed every 10 min. This rapid analysis allows tracking of transmission for the implementation of appropriate infection control measures on a time scale previously not achievable.

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“…The antibiotics tested were aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, imipenem, meropenem, ticarcillin, amikacin, gentamicin, cipro¯oxacin, levooxacin, nor¯oxacin and o¯oxacin. Similarity coef®-cients (S AB values) were calculated and subjected to cluster analysis as described previously [19], except that MIC values rather than inhibition zone sizes were used. Aminoglycoside resistance pro®les were analysed further by a disk method, with 12 different drug analogues [20].…”

Section: Antibiotic Pro®lesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carriage of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from Northern Spain

Gallego¹,

Towner

2001

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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A collection of 70 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from Bilbao in northern Spain was examined by PCR for the presence of class 1 integron structures. The organisms comprised 21 distinct RAPD genotypes, with 10 distinct antibiogram patterns. Four different integron structures were detected in a total of 59 (84%) of the 70 isolates, with two predominant integron structures found in 20 and 30 isolates each. No clear antibiogram differences could be correlated with the presence or absence of integron structures, but sequence analysis of two of the internal integron regions indicated homology with genes encoding ANT(20) adenyltransferase activity and AAC(69)-Ib acetyltransferase activity. Phenotypic analysis of aminoglycoside resistance pro®les indicated that many isolates produced a combination of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, with most of the observed resistance to amikacin being associated with a gene encoding APH(39)-VI phosphotransferase, as detected by PCR. RAPD analysis indicated that all the Bilbao isolates producing APH(39)-VI were distinct from an epidemic integron-carrying and APH(39)-VI-producing Acinetobacter strain found in other regions of Spain. It is concluded that, although class 1 integrons are widely disseminated amongst clinical isolates of A. baumannii from the Bilbao region of Spain, at present they are not playing a major role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in this region.

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Molecular and Antibiogram Relationships of Acinetobacter Isolates from Two Contrasting Hospitals in the United Kingdom and South Africa

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Population structure and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter DNA group 2 and 13TU isolates from hospitals in the UK

Population structure and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter DNA group 2 and 13TU isolates from hospitals in the UK

Identification of Acinetobacter Species and Genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii by Multilocus PCR and Mass Spectrometry

Carriage of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from Northern Spain

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