Molecular analysis of natural leaf senescence in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Lohman, Karin N.; Gan, Susheng; John, Maliyakal E.; Amasino, Richard M.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1994.tb05343.x

Cited by 408 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A previous study on leaf senescence in Arabidopsis has shown that the progression of leaf senescence appears to be readily predictable in Arabidopsis [16]. In addition, several genes induced during Arabidopsis leaf senescence have been isolated [ 14,16,22]. While these previous results describe mostly the developmental and age-related senescence of Arabidopsis leaves, it is known that the senescence of plant tissues is also highly influenced by environmental factors and hormones [23,27,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…However, the photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) is affected by the integrity of PSII and thus can be a parameter for functional leaf senescence (see Discussion). The cab gene expression has been shown to decrease during senescence of Arabidopsis [16,22]. However, measurement of any single parameter may be misled in following the progression of senescence [27] and we have consistently used all these three parameters to monitor leaf senescence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A senescence-associated gene of Arabidopsis thaliana is distinctively regulated during natural and artificially induced leaf senescence

et al. 1996

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We have characterized the structure and expression of a senescence-associated gene (sen1) of Arabidopsis thaliana. The protein-coding region of the gene consists of 5 exons encoding 182 amino acids. The encoded peptide shows noticeable similarity to the bacterial sulfide dehydrogenase and 81% identity to the peptide encoded by the radish din1 gene. The 5'-upstream region contains sequence motifs resembling the heat-shock- and ABA-responsive elements and the TCA motif conserved among stress-inducible genes. Examination of the expression patterns of the sen1 gene under various senescing conditions along with measurements of photochemical efficiency and of chlorophyll content revealed that the sen1 gene expression is associated with Arabidopsis leaf senescence. During the normal growth phase, the gene is strongly induced in leaves at 25 days after germination when inflorescence stems are 2-3 cm high, and then the mRNA level is maintained at a comparable level in naturally senescing leaves. In addition, dark-induced senescence of detached leaves or of leaves in planta resulted in a high-level induction of the gene. Expression of the sen1 gene was also strongly induced in leaves subjected to senescence by 0.1mM abscisic acid or 1 mM ethephon treatment. The induced expression of the gene by dark treatment was not significantly repressed by treatment with 0.1 mM cytokinin or 50 mM CaCl2 which delayed loss of chlorophyll but not that of photochemical efficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A senescence-associated gene of Arabidopsis thaliana is distinctively regulated during natural and artificially induced leaf senescence

et al. 1996

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“…Earlier work has documented that different cysteine protease genes are induced in response to diverse developmental and enviromental stimuli, such as germination [24,37,39], senescence [22,29,44], wounding [28], circadian rhythm [28], low temperature [41], ethylene [7], and nodulation [19]. However, it was not clear whether a specific cysteine protease gene is induced during xylogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Induction of cysteine and serine proteases during xylogenesis in Zinnia elegans

Varner

1996

Plant Mol Biol

140

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The terminal process of xylogenesis, autolysis, is essential for the formulation of a tubular system for conduction of water and solutes throughout the whole plant. Several hydrolase types are implicated in autolysis responsible for the breakdown of cytoplasm. Here, we characterize p48h-17 cDNA from in vitro tracheary elements (TEs) of Zinnia elegans which encodes a preproprotein similar to papain. The putative mature protein, a cysteine protease, has a molecular mass of 22,699 Da with a pI of 5.7. DNA gel blot analysis indicated that p48h-17 is likely encoded by one or two genes. The p48h-17 mRNA accumulated markedly in in vitro differentiating TEs, whereas it appeared not to be induced in response to senescence and wounding in the leaves or H2O2 challenge in the cultured mesophyll cells. In stems, the expression of the p48h-17 gene was preferentially associated with differentiating xylem. Activity gel assays demonstrated that a cysteine and a serine protease, which had apparent molecular masses of 20 kDa and 60 kDa, respectively, were markedly induced during in vitro TE differentiation. The cysteine protease activity was also preferentially present in the xylem of Zinnia stems. Transient expression of the p48h-17 cDNA in tobacco protoplasts resulted in the production of a 20 kDa cysteine protease. Taken together, the results indicate that the p48h-17 gene appears to be preferentially associated with xylogenesis, and both the cysteine and serine proteases might be involved in autolysis during xylogenesis.

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“…Sugars accumulate from starch hydrolysis during senescence and during drought stress. Transgenic studies using the promoter of the senescence-associated gene SAG12 (an Arabidopsis gene encoding a cysteine proteinase), fused to a gene catalysing cytokinin synthesis, linked overproduction of cytokinin with the early onset of senescence and high hexose contents [192,193]. Sugar accumulation is general during drought stress in both resurrection and non-resurrection plants.…”

Section: Stress-induction Of Senescence In Mature and Premature Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roles include hydrolysis of macromolecules, remobilization of nutrients, protection against oxidation and against pathogen [192,[196][197][198].…”

Section: Stress-induction Of Senescence In Mature and Premature Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Desiccation Tolerance and its Regulation in the Foliage of Resurrection “Flowering-Plant” Species

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The majority of flowering-plant species can survive complete air-dryness in their seed and/or pollen. Relatively few species ('resurrection plants') express this desiccation tolerance in their foliage. Knowledge of the regulation of desiccation tolerance in resurrection plant foliage is reviewed. Elucidation of the regulatory mechanism in resurrection grasses may lead to identification of genes that can improve stress tolerance and yield of major crop species. Well-hydrated leaves of resurrection plants are desiccation-sensitive and the leaves become desiccation tolerant as they are drying. Such drought-induction of desiccation tolerance involves changes in gene-expression causing extensive changes in the complement of proteins and the transition to a highly-stable quiescent state lasting months to years. These changes in gene-expression are regulated by several interacting phytohormones, of which drought-induced abscisic acid (ABA) is particularly important in some species. Treatment with only ABA induces desiccation tolerance in vegetative tissue of Borya constricta Churchill. and Craterostigma plantagineum Hochstetter. but not in the resurrection grass Sporobolus stapfianus Gandoger. Suppression of drought-induced senescence is also important for survival of drying. Further research is needed on the triggering of the induction of desiccation tolerance, on the transition between phases of protein synthesis and on the role of the phytohormone, strigolactone and other potential xylem-messengers during drying and rehydration.

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Molecular analysis of natural leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 408 publications

References 29 publications

A senescence-associated gene of Arabidopsis thaliana is distinctively regulated during natural and artificially induced leaf senescence

A senescence-associated gene of Arabidopsis thaliana is distinctively regulated during natural and artificially induced leaf senescence

Induction of cysteine and serine proteases during xylogenesis in Zinnia elegans

Plant Desiccation Tolerance and its Regulation in the Foliage of Resurrection “Flowering-Plant” Species

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