Molecular analysis of linear plasmid‐encoded major surface proteins, OspA and OspB, of the Lyme disease spirochaete <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>

Bergström, Sven; Bundoc, Virgilio; Barbour, Alan G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00194.x

Cited by 305 publications

(265 citation statements)

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“…This novel gene name reflects our conclusion that these loci are members of a closely related gene family and are very different from other B. burgdorferi genes that have been designated osp, such as ospA, ospC, and ospD (12,20,33). Two of the loci, erpAB and erpCD, contain two open reading frames in tandem, suggesting that these genes may form operons, as has been suggested for the ospEF locus of B. burgdorferi N40 (26,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A family of genes located on four separate 32-kilobase circular plasmids in Borrelia burgdorferi B31

1996

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We have identified four loci in Borrelia burgdorferi B31 that contain open reading frames capable of encoding six proteins that are related to the antigenic proteins OspE and OspF. We have designated these proteins Erp, for OspEF-related protein, and named their respective genes erp. The erpA and erpB genes are linked, as are erpC and erpD, and the pairs probably constitute two operons. The erpG and erpH genes appear to be monocistronic. The ErpA and ErpC proteins are expressed by B. burgdorferi B31 in culture and are recognized by a polyclonal antiserum raised against the OspE protein of B. burgdorferi N40. The four erp loci are each located on different 32-kb circular plasmids that contain additional DNA sequences that are homologous to each other and to an 8.3-kb circular plasmid of B. burgdorferi sensu lato Ip21. All four 32-kb plasmids can be maintained within a single bacterium, which may provide a model for the study of plasmid replication and segregation in B. burgdorferi.Borrelia burgdorferi is a member of the order Spirochaetales, the spirochetes, an order that is phylogenetically and morphologically distinct from such well-characterized bacteria as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis (8,24,34,35,53). B. burgdorferi bacteria naturally contain a wide variety of plasmids (4,13,25,40,42,45,47,54), yet nothing is known about the mechanisms by which plasmids are maintained in these bacteria. Several observations suggest that the small DNA species of B. burgdorferi and other spirochetes may be fundamentally different from the plasmids of other bacteria, the most significant being that there are linear plasmids in B. burgdorferi (4,5,7,13,22,23,42). Also, two B. burgdorferi genes involved in purine biosynthesis are located on a circular plasmid (29), which appears to be inconsistent with the classical definition of a plasmid as a nonessential extrachromosomal element. Other plasmids of B. burgdorferi appear to be capable of undergoing recombination to form multimeric plasmids (25, 31), and there have been reports of DNA sequences located on several different plasmids within the same bacterium (46,47,(54)(55)(56).B. burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, an increasingly common ailment of humans and several other mammals (15,48). Infection of a mammal by B. burgdorferi is generally accompanied by the production of antibodies directed against a limited number of bacterial antigens (17,19,41,52), several of which have been identified as surface-exposed lipoproteins. At least three of these lipoproteins, OspC, OspE, and OspF, are differentially expressed by B. burgdorferi, being produced in greater quantities by cultured bacteria that are shifted from 23 to 32ЊC than by those maintained at the lower temperature (43, 49). For OspC, at least, this appears to be related to induction of specific protein synthesis by the spirochete in ticks following feeding upon a warm-blooded animal (43). Temperature-dependent differential expression of bacterial proteins that are involved in host infection has been o...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A family of genes located on four separate 32-kilobase circular plasmids in Borrelia burgdorferi B31

1996

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“…In fact, CB10, an IgG directed against OspA, is not bactericidal in the absence of complement, and was used as a control for all of the studies with CB2. OspA and OspB are similar, highly cationic lipoproteins that are cotranscribed from a shared operon (18,19). It now appears that the openings responsible for lysis of the OM are created by the binding of CB2, and may be the result of a critical role for OspB in the fluidity of the spirochetal OM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Controls consisted of an irrelevant IgG and IgG antibodies to cytosolic DNAk (CB312), periplasmic flagella (CB1), and OspA (CB10) of B. burgdorferi in the presence of the specified sugars. OspA is cotranscribed with OspB and both are very similar in their primary structure and isoelectric points (18,19). Cultures with control antibodies grew normally compared with cultures with no sugar or sugars only without antibodies (Fig.…”

Section: Destruction Of the Borrelia Om Occurs By Formation Of Openinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bactericidal effect of a complement-independent antibody is osmolytic and specific toBorrelia

LaRocca

Holthausen

Hsieh

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A complement-independent bactericidal IgG1 against the OspB of Borrelia burgdorferi increased the permeability of the outer membrane through the creation of openings of 2.8 -4.4 nm, resulting in its osmotic lysis. Cryo-electron microscopy and tomography demonstrated that exposure to the antibody causes the formation of outer membrane projections and large breaks which may precede the increase in permeability of the outer membrane. The bactericidal effect of this antibody is not transferable to Escherichia coli expressing rOspB on its outer membrane. Additionally, the porin P66, the only protein that coprecipitated with OspB, is dispensable for the bactericidal mechanism.osmotic lysis ͉ spirochete ͉ outer membrane ͉ pore ͉ Lyme disease

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“…The heterogeneity of molecular and immunological characteristics among isolates of B. burgdorferi sensu lato from different geographical and biological origins has been demonstrated previously [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. On the basis of immunoreactivity with B. burgdorferi-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), plasmid profiles and the clinical manifestations of the patient, the causative agents of Lyme disease can be classified into three major genospecies -B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii and B. afzelii (group VS461) [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of the outer surface protein C gene of Lyme disease spirochaetes (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) isolated from rodents in Taiwan

Shih

Chao

2002

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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The outer surface protein C gene (ospC) of Lyme disease spirochaetes (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) was analysed for the first time in Taiwan. The genetic identities of these Taiwan isolates (TWKM1-7) were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and sequence similarities of the PCR-amplified ospC gene amplicons. After cleavage by nuclease Dra I, differential fragment patterns of PCRamplified ospC DNA in relation to different genospecies of Lyme disease spirochaetes were observed and all of these Taiwan isolates were genetically aff iliated to the genospecies of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. The phylogenetic analysis on the sequence similarity of these Taiwan isolates revealed a highly homogeneous genotype, ranging from 99.3% to 100%, within the genospecies of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto and was distinguished from other genospecies of Borrelia isolates. The sequence similarity analysis also revealed the high sequence variability of the ospC gene among Borrelia strains that belong to the same genospecies but were isolated from different biological and geographical sources. Thus, these results provide the first investigation on the genetic identity of the ospC gene of these Taiwan isolates and show that these Taiwan isolates were closely related genetically to the genospecies of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto.

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Molecular analysis of linear plasmid‐encoded major surface proteins, OspA and OspB, of the Lyme disease spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi

Cited by 305 publications

References 54 publications

A family of genes located on four separate 32-kilobase circular plasmids in Borrelia burgdorferi B31

A family of genes located on four separate 32-kilobase circular plasmids in Borrelia burgdorferi B31

The bactericidal effect of a complement-independent antibody is osmolytic and specific toBorrelia

Genetic analysis of the outer surface protein C gene of Lyme disease spirochaetes (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) isolated from rodents in Taiwan

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