Molecular analysis of integron gene cassette arrays associated multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from poultry

Abstract

The study investigated 110 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from broiler chickens isolated from Sharkia poultry farms and analyzed the isolates antimicrobial resistance and the presence of integrons as a potential basis for this resistance. Antibiotic susceptibilities against 12 different antibiotics were determined by the disk diffusion method. Prevalences and classes of integrons were then detected in multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) followed by sequencing of the variable parts. Fifty-three isolates were MDR (resistant to three or more antimicrobial agents). High resistance was detected for rifamycin (82.7%), erythromycin (67.2%), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (63%). Classes 1 and 2 integrons were detected in 38 of 53 MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolates of which the most common were Salmonella species (n=19), followed by Escherichia coli (12), Klebsiella pneumoniae (3), Proteus species (3), and Citrobacter freundii (1). Three isolates only harbored class 1 integrons while the remaining 35 isolates carried class 2. All class 1 integron positive isolates exhibited the same gene cassettes arrangements: 1.) dfrA12-orfF–aadA27 (1.6 kbp); 2.) aadA23 (1.0 kbp); and 3.) dfrA15 (0.8 kbp). Moreover, four different gene cassettes were identified within class 2 integrons: 1.) dfrA1-sat2-aadA30 (2 kbp) in all isolates; 2.) sat2-aadA1 (1.7 kbp) in only one isolate; 3.) catB2 (0.9 kbp) in four isolates; and 4.) a new variant of sat2 (0.65 kbp) in three isolates. Efforts should be made to introduce surveillance programs for monitoring antimicrobial resistance that could potentially be transmitted from broiler chickens to human via integrons.

Modulatory Effect of Competitive Exclusion on the Transmission of ESBL E. coli in Chickens

“…Antimicrobial resistance has developed widely as a result of the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents, which has gotten a lot of national and international attention [ 30 ]. The current resistance phenotypes with multidrug resistance (MDR) recorded in this study are similar to the data reported from another regional study [ 48 ] in Egypt as well as worldwide studies such as Halfaoui et al [ 46 ] in Algeria, Ibrahim et al [ 47 ] in Jordan, Singh et al [ 30 ] in India .…”

An Alternative Approach Using Nano-garlic Emulsion and its Synergy with Antibiotics for Controlling Biofilm-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella in Chicken

“…Antibiotic resistance can develop as a result of excessive antibiotic usage [ 3 , 42 , 43 ]. In this study, the antimicrobial resistance profile among Salmonella isolates was nearly similar to those recorded in Egypt [ 6 ], China [ 44 ], and Bangladesh [ 31 ].…”

“…Antibiotics have long been regarded as the primary tools for controlling Salmonella , helping farmers to improve the health and growth of their livestock. However, bacterial pathogens have created and disseminated a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can spread among microbial populations questioning the use of antibiotics [ 2 , 6 , 7 ]. As a result, Salmonellosis therapy has become more challenging due to antibiotic resistance, that has been linked to bacterial biofilm synthesis [ 8 – 10 ].…”

Bacteriological evaluation and advanced SYBR-green multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of minced meat adulteration

“…These findings are consistent with the serological results reported by Abuelnaga et al . (2021 ) and El-Demerdash et al . (2018 ).…”