Molecular analysis of hepatitis B virus in Bulgaria

Ciccozzi, Massimo; Babakir‐Mina, Muhammed; Presti, Alessandra Lo; Salpini, Romina; Cella, Eleonora; Gabanelli, Elena; Teoharov, Pavel; Kevorkyan, Аni; Perno, Carlo Federico; Zehender, Gianguglielmo; Ciotti, Marco

doi:10.1002/jmv.23432

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…There were significant differences in the HBsAg‐positive rate between male and female (males: 5.0%, 95%CI: 4.5–5.5% vs. females: 2.9%, 95%CI: 2.6–3.3%; P < 0.001) in the current study, which is consistent with previous Chinese observations [Wang et al, ; Zhang et al, ; Zhu et al, ]. But one paper had showed that the global difference of HBsAg prevalence on gender were small, although female was often had a lower overall [Ciccozzi et al, ]. This finding may be related to differences in lifestyle or behavior between males and females in China, such as more male people smoking, drinking, extensive social range, physical activity, dining out, hygiene, and sexual activity [Levy et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The prevalence of hepatitis B infection in central China: An adult population‐based serological survey of a large sample size

Hao

Xing

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Virology

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The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of serum HBsAg among adults in Henan province, China. A provincial serosurvey of people aged 18-74 years was conducted and individuals for analysis were selected using a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method. A 5-ml serum sample from each person was collected and the serum was tested for the presence of HBsAg, HBcAb, HBsAb, HBeAg, and HBeAb by ELISA. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with the prevalence of HBsAg. A total of 16,685 residents, aged 18-74 years who resided in 60 communities or villages in Henan, China were surveyed. Among the eligible study population, 642 HBsAg positive cases (3.7%) were found. The prevalence increased steadily from 3.1% among population aged 18-35 years old, to 5.1% among population aged 55-74 years. Accordingly, HBsAb declined steadily from 53.4% to 24.7%. Six hundred and forty-two positive HBsAg blood samples were screened for the HBeAg and HBeAb. HBeAg prevalence declined steadily from 27.7% among population age 18-35 years old to 6.8% among population age 55-74 years old. The single factor analysis was used for 16 possible risk factors and multivariate analysis showed that five risk factors were significantly related to HBV infection. HBV infection is a serious public health problem among adult population in Henan. Strengthening administrative regulations of medical practices, especially in rural areas, and providing health education propaganda to the public of HBV infection should be given more attention on public health policy. J. Med. Virol. 89:450-457, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The prevalence of hepatitis B infection in central China: An adult population‐based serological survey of a large sample size

Hao

Xing

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Logically, by introducing younger specimens in the analysis, it was expected it could result in a slight slipping at the date of the earliest events of diversification, as well as to the tMRCA. In support thereof, recent diversification events evidenced for other gts in different areas coincide with our findings . It has been proposed that sgt F1b arrived to the city by migratory processes from northern regions of the country and has been diversifying since its local introduction over the last years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In support thereof, recent diversification events evidenced for other gts in different areas coincide with our findings. [37][38][39][40][41] It has been proposed that sgt F1b arrived to the city by migratory processes from northern regions of the country and has been diversifying since its local introduction over the last years. Its arrival and expansion in the city would had led to its nowadays high proportion in HBV infections.…”

Section: F1b Sgt Was Introduced Near Year 2000 and Since Then It Hamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus in Mar del Plata, Argentina: Genomic characterization and evolutionary analysis of subgenotype F1b

Torres¹,

Civetta²,

D'Amico

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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The aim is to describe the molecular epidemiology and perform a genomic characterization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) circulating in Mar del Plata and to identify the origin and diversification patterns of the most prevalent genotype. The S gene and the region encompassing the X gene, basal core promoter (BCP), and precore (preC) was analyzed in 56 samples. They were genotyped as: 80% F1b, 9% A2, 7% D3, and 2% D1. A recombinant F4/D2 genome was detected. The double substitution G1764A/A1762T at the BCP (reduced HBeAg expression) was found in 20% F1b, 2% A2, 2% D1, and 2% D3 samples. A unique D3 presented the G1896A substitution at the preC (HBeAg negative phenotype). A 13% of the samples showed mutations at the HBsAg “a” immunodeterminant (escape from neutralizing antibodies). Mutations at the polymerase (antiviral resistance) were found in 52% of the samples. Coalescent analysis of subgenotype F1b, the most prevalent in the city, showed that viral diversification in Mar del Plata started by year 2000. F1b was the most prevalent genotype detected, being a characteristic of actual HBV infections in Mar del Plata. Local HBV exhibit clinically relevant mutations, but a minority of them was shown to be associated to potential vaccination escape or antiviral resistance. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to determine whether any of these mutants could pose a threat to prevention, diagnosis, or treatment.

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“…In addition to health problems, these diseases cause broader social and economic problems. The Mediterranean area and the Balkans in particular show the highest level of genetic heterogeneity of HBV in Europe, with subgenotype D1 being the most prevalent in Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria [Zehender et al, 2012b;Ciccozzi et al, 2013Ciccozzi et al, 2014; subgenotype D2 being widespread in Albania [Zehender et al, 2012a]; and D3 the most prevalent in Serbia and Italy [Lazarevic et al, 2007;Zehender et al, 2012b]. The present study analyzed 136 HBV Pol gene sequences from the 150 chronic patients' serum of HBsAg-positive inhabitants in Montenegro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus genotype and subgenotype prevalence and distribution in Montenegro

Vratnica¹,

Zehender

Ebranati

et al. 2015

J. Med. Virol.

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The Mediterranean area and the Balkans in particular show the highest level of genetic heterogeneity of HBV in Europe. Data about the circulation of HBV genotypes in Montenegro are lacking. It was studied the prevalence and distribution of HBV genot/subgenotypes in a total of 150 HBV infected patients living in Montenegro. Phylogenetic analysis of 136 successfully amplified P sequences showed a high degree of genetic heterogeneity of HBV in Montenegro. Subgenotype D2 (36.8%) and D3 (32.3%) were the most prevalent, followed by genotype A (subgenotype A2 in all of the cases-19.8%). Eight patients were infected with recombinant strains. HBV-D1 which is the most spread HBV subgenotype in the south-eastern Mediterranean countries, seems to be relatively rare in Montenegro, suggesting a penetration of HBV more probably from North-East or West than from Eastern Mediterranean countries. The relatively different prevalence of D3 and A2 among subjects infected through sexual route, seems to confirm the association of these subgenotypes with different route of transmissions (mainly parenteral for D3 and mainly sexual for A2) even in Montenegro. The low prevalence of D2 among children and its absence in perinatal transmission, suggests that this subgenotype circulated prevalently in the past. If this is due to changes in the most prevalent way of transmission and in the recent different contacts of Montenegro with other European countries, it remains to be established by other larger studies.

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Molecular analysis of hepatitis B virus in Bulgaria

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

The prevalence of hepatitis B infection in central China: An adult population‐based serological survey of a large sample size

The prevalence of hepatitis B infection in central China: An adult population‐based serological survey of a large sample size

Hepatitis B virus in Mar del Plata, Argentina: Genomic characterization and evolutionary analysis of subgenotype F1b

Hepatitis B virus genotype and subgenotype prevalence and distribution in Montenegro

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