Molecular analysis of Bio-makers of Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum Isolate from Gombe Local Government Area, Gombe State, Nigeria

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) in Arab Mediterranean countries has a different CFTR mutational profile if compared either to Caucasians or in the Arabian Peninsula. The c.3909C>G (N1303K, p.Asn1303Lys) mutation of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator gene (CFTR). This mutation represents a higher frequency in the Mediterranean countries in association with different polymorphisms or mutations in cis position constituting various complex alleles. N1303K mutation induces many phenotypes, especially pancreatic insufficiency from mild to severe and it is associated in cis with other polymorphisms. The aim of this investigation is therefore to screen complex alleles carrying N1303K mutation among Lebanese, Egyptian and French patients. All exons of the CFTR and their flanking regions were performed by PCR amplification, followed by automated direct DNA sequencing. Two complex alleles are more frequent corresponding to Wild Type and mutated haplotype. Besides that two other very rare complex alleles have been detected, one in Egyptian and French samples, and then another one in Lebanon samples. We have studied their impact on the CFTR mRNA splicing using a minigene strategy. Constructs containing wild-type and mutant CFTR cloned into the pTBNdeI hybride minigene have been expressed in HeLa, HT29 and HEK293 cells. RT-PCR analysis of mRNA using β-globin-specific primers revealed that N1303K and the polymorphisms associated with cis induce weak abnormal splicing and a modification of the quality and the quantity of CFTR protein. These different associations of identified polymorphisms with N1303K in cis could have an impact on the severity of the disease.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three complex alleles of CFTR gene identified in Lebanese, Egyptian and French population and their potential impact on splicing

Farhat¹,

El-Seedy²,

Pasquet³

et al. 2022

“…As a commonly used device in clinical intensive care, the respiratory circuit is a multi-use apparatus, whose cleaning and disinfection effectiveness is directly associated with its sterilization quality and in turn, affects the anti-infection treatment. At present, monitoring the cleaning and disinfection effect is a key part of the medical device quality control process (22)(23)(24)(25). Microbial culture is now a highly accurate, common and simple clinical method for evaluating the effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection.…”

Section: Eric-pcr Results Of K Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the effect of microbial culture on cleaning and sanitizing of the external ventilator circuit

Yu¹,

Chen²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

This research aimed to investigate the microbial spectrum of microorganisms that cause ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP) among ICU patients in the selected hospital, antimicrobial susceptibility, genetic diversity of common isolates, and the monitoring effect of microbial culture on cleaning and sanitizing of external ventilator circuits in order to reduce the occurrence of hospital infections. For this purpose, endotracheal aspirate (ETA) specimens were sampled from ICU patients with clinically suspected VAP in the hospital between August 2020 and August 2021 and then investigated for microbiological content. This was followed by Kirby-Bauer testing for determining drug sensitivity and ERIC-PCR for genotyping. Afterward, microbial culture was performed on cleaned, sanitized and dried ventilator external ventilator pipelines and those stored aseptically for 4 weeks to evaluate the cleaning and disinfection effect and measure the bacterial content. Results showed that in the 64 confirmed VAP cases, Klebsiella was the most frequently isolated organism, followed by P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, while Candida is the most widely isolated fungus. The antimicrobial susceptibility spectrum revealed that 40% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). ERIC-PCR showed no genetic relationship between pneumococcal isolates. Through microbial culture, no pathogenic bacteria were detected among cleaned and sanitized ventilator external ventilator pipelines and those stored aseptically for 4 weeks, indicating a 100% pass rate. It was concluded that ventilators in intensive care units (ICU) are susceptible to contamination, exposing patients to bacterial contamination and other comorbidities. Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens of VAP, which are mostly multidrug-resistant. Clinical care measures for ventilators should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of ventilator microbial contamination and to improve accurate clinical diagnosis and correct antimicrobial therapy.

“…Moreover, although we did not measure IL-6 levels in this study, vitamin D supplementation is reported to decrease this inflammatory factor (33), and it is directly related to depression, which itself It is one of the main reasons for death in hemodialysis patients (34). According to Okereke and Singh, (2016), vitamin D deficiency can be a depression risk factor in late life (35)(36); thus, it is vital to note that cases with ESRD and hemodialysis are mostly middle-aged and older, and supplement therapy for these patients can have a central role in improving quality of their life.…”

Section: Vitamin D Significantly Improved Oxidative Stress and Inflam...mentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplementation on Oxidative and Inflammatory Markers in Patients Suffering from End-stage Renal Disease, a Randomized Controlled Trial

Sharif¹

2022

Vitamin D insufficiency is common in patients suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In contrast, vitamin D supplementation could improve the status of ESRD patients (ESRDP). However, this effect's molecular mechanism is not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess vitamin D supplementation's impact on inflammation and oxidative signaling pathways in ESRDP. 104 ESRDP were divided into placebo (53) and vitamin D (51) groups. They were also categorized into four subgroups based on the severity of vitamin D deficiency. The dose of vitamin D3 (0.25-0.5mg/day) supplementation was determined based on plasma levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Vitamin D supplementation was performed for eight weeks. Serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, PTH, albumin, creatinine, ALP, and glomerular filtration along with antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde, and pro-inflammatory factors were measured. Moreover, the Nrf2 and NF-ĸB expression was evaluated in whole blood. According to the results, vitamin D supplementation improved the status of patients with ESRD significantly as compared with the placebo group (p<0.05). In addition, the expression of NF-ĸB and the serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors and malondialdehyde were significantly reduced. Finally, the expression of Nrf-2 and the serum of antioxidant enzymes were raised in the vitamin D group as compared with the placebo group (p<0.05). Vitamin D reduces clinical and metabolic symptoms in ESRDP by modulating gene expression (in oxidative stress and inflammation).