Molecular weight will not only affect cytotoxicity, viscosity and other basic properties of molecules in physical and chemical fields, but also influence its efficiency of drug delivery in nanomaterial fields. It is of great importance to measure the molecular weight of a substance. In this study, we proposed a new method to directly determine the molecular weights of polymers with linear and repeated molecular structures. An empirical molecular weight formula of Chitosan with different molecular weights were chosen to value our new proposed method. Our results imply that the molecular weight of chitosan obtained with the new method is reasonable. Moreover, the distributions of molecular weight and molecular lengths can also be acquired at the same time with this novel method.