Mold resistance of bamboo after laccase-catalyzed attachment of thymol and proposed mechanism of attachment

Wang, Jie; Wang, Hui; Ye, Zelin; Chizaram, Enyinwa Patience; Jiang, Jun; Liu, Tingsong; Sun, Fangli; Zhang, Shaoyong

doi:10.1039/d0ra00315h

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…From the 1 H NMR spectrum of OEO (Supplementary Figure 2, Supplementary Material) it is possible to verify the signal of Zamuner et al 10.3389/fagro.2023.1148969 hydrogen H7 from both CAR and THY (Figure 1), and from the integral of these two signals it was possible to determine the percentage of relation between these two compounds. In the spectrum it is possible to observe that the signal of the H7 (septet) of CAR has a chemical shift of 2.87 ppm (Quintanilla-Licea et al, 2014) and an integral equal to 1, whereas the H (septet) of THY has a chemical shift of 3.23 ppm (Wang et al, 2020) and an integral equal to 0.0328. Considering that CAR represents 71.0% of the sample and the integral of the H7 signal was equal to 1, THY with an integral value of 0.0328 shows a percentage of 2.3% of the sample, a result similar to that obtained in the company's GC analysis.…”

Section: H Nmr Analysis Of Oeomentioning

confidence: 99%

Oregano essential oil and its main components Thymol and Carvacrol as alternatives to control citrus canker

et al. 2023

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Plant Essential Oils and their constituents are well-known for their properties as antimicrobial agents and are labeled as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), prompting studies around their usage in the control of food-borne microorganisms and phytopathogens. In this study, we evaluated Oregano Essential Oil (OEO), Thymol (THY) and Carvacrol (CAR) for the control of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (X. citri). In vitro antibacterial assays revealed that CAR and THY inhibit X. citri growth at the concentrations of 100 µg.mL-1 and 114 µg.mL-1, lower than OEO (136 µg.mL-1). Bactericidal effects were observed at 400 µg.mL-1 for OEO and 200 ug.mL-1 for CAR and THY. Investigating potential cellular targets for the compounds showed that after 30 minutes of exposure up to 84% of the cells had their membranes disrupted, implicating the membrane as the primary target. Phytotoxicity evaluations using Lactuca sativa and Solanum lycopersicum seeds showed an acute toxic effect in all treatments above 200 µg.mL-1, except for OEO and THY in S. lycopersicum at lower concentrations. Regarding their protective effect on citrus leaves, CAR showed no effect when compared to the untreated control (0.39 and 0.50 lesions per cm2, respectively). OEO and THY were able to reduce significantly citrus canker symptoms (0.18 and 0.11 lesions per cm2, respectively). In addition, no toxic effects were observed on citrus leaves in all treatments. THY inhibits X. citri growth and the development of citrus canker lesions. These results show that THY as a viable alternative to be used in citrus canker management.

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Section: H Nmr Analysis Of Oeomentioning

confidence: 99%

Oregano essential oil and its main components Thymol and Carvacrol as alternatives to control citrus canker

et al. 2023

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“…1), and from the integral of these two signals it was possible to determine the percentage of relation between these two compounds. In the spectrum it is possible to observe that the signal of the H7 (septet) of carvacrol has a chemical shift of 2.87 ppm (Quintanilla-Licea et al 2014) and an integral equal to 1, whereas the H (septet) of thymol has a chemical shift of 3.23 ppm (Wang et al 2020) and an integral equal to 0.0328. Considering that carvacrol represents 71.0% of the sample and the integral of the H7 signal was equal to 1, thymol with an integral value of 0.0328 shows a percentage of 2.3% of the sample, a result similar to that obtained in the company's GC analysis.…”

Section: H Nmr Analysis Of Oregano Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oregano essential oil and its main components Thymol and Carvacrol as alternatives to control citrus canker

Zamuner

Marin

Dilarri

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Plant Essential Oils and their constituents are well-known for their properties as antimicrobial agents and are labeled as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), prompting studies around their usage in the control of food-borne microorganisms and phytopathogens. In this study, we evaluated Oregano Essential Oil (OEO), Thymol (THY) and Carvacrol (CAR) for the control of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (X. citri). In vitro antibacterial assays revealed that CAR and THY inhibit X. citri growth at concentrations (100 ug.mL− 1 and 114 ug.mL− 1) lower than OEO (136 ug.mL− 1). Bactericidal effects were observed at 400 ug.mL− 1 for OEO and 200 ug.mL− 1 for CAR and THY. Investigating potential cellular targets for the compounds showed that after 30 minutes of exposure up to 84% of the cells had their membranes disrupted, prompting the membrane as the primary target. Phytotoxicicity evaluations using Lactuca sativa and Solanum lycopersicum seeds showed an acute toxic effect in all treatments above 200 µg.mL− 1, except for OEO and THY in S. lycopersicum at lower concentrations. Regarding their protective effect on citrus leaves, CAR showed no effect (0.39 lesions per cm2) when compared to the controls. OEO and THY were able to significantly reduce citrus canker symptoms (0.18 and 0.11 lesions per cm2, respectively). In addition, no toxic effects were observed on citrus leaves. THY inhibits X. citri growth and the development of citrus canker lesions. These results prompt THY as a viable alternative to be used in citrus canker management.

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“…It was demonstrated that inorganic‐based nanomaterials such as iodine provide excellent antimicrobial and antifungal agents on bamboo [15–16] . Therefore, the functionalization of iodine with lignin is a promising strategy to enhance the antifungal activity of lignin against plant pathogenic fungi [17–19] . In addition, the use of iodine functionalised compound in wood‐based products has attracted attention because it is simple, inexpensive and has wide range of antifungal activity at millimolar concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mold Resistance of Bamboo after Laccase‐Catalyzed Fixation of Lignin Nanoparticles

Amat,

Chin,

Seng Ngieng

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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In this study lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) and iodolignin nanoparticles (ILNPs) were prepared in aqueous medium and subsequently deposited on the bamboo surfaces via laccase catalyzed reaction. The SEM micrographs of blocks treated with LNPs and ILNPs revealed a layer of nanoparticles with a mean particles size of 100 nm and 215 nm. Besides that, the fungal isolates from the bamboo culm of Dendrocalamus asper shared 99 %, 98 % and 100 % similarity with Penicillium sumatrense, Pleosporales and Cunninghamella species. The treatment of ILNPs exhibited maximum biocidal efficacy at 91 % against P. sumatrense, Pleosporales sp. and Cunninghamella sp. After leaching with ultrapure water, LNPs‐treated blocks exhibited a reduced biocidal effectiveness with an efficacy of 67 %. In contrast, bamboo treated with ILNPs exhibited a higher level of resistance to decay than LNPs. The reduction in mass of 2 %, 3 %, and 1 % was observed when subjecting P. sumatrense, Cunninghamella, and Pleosporales species to treatment with ILNPs. This study demonstrates the application of laccase catalysis in both LNPs and ILNPs, indicating a potentially effective approach for providing surface protection to bamboo against plant pathogenic fungi.

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Mold resistance of bamboo after laccase-catalyzed attachment of thymol and proposed mechanism of attachment

Abstract: Schematic diagram of laccase-catalysed fixation of natural antimicrobial phenol to bamboo.

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Oregano essential oil and its main components Thymol and Carvacrol as alternatives to control citrus canker

Oregano essential oil and its main components Thymol and Carvacrol as alternatives to control citrus canker

Oregano essential oil and its main components Thymol and Carvacrol as alternatives to control citrus canker

Mold Resistance of Bamboo after Laccase‐Catalyzed Fixation of Lignin Nanoparticles

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