Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation: Current Knowledge and Practice

Rodd, Helen; Graham, Anna R.; Tajmehr, Niecoo; Timms, Laura; Hasmun, Noren

doi:10.1111/idj.12624

Cited by 40 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…These etiologies are different, but the molecular mechanisms involved seem to converge on a single path, as they use ARNT as a partner. At the cellular level, this could result in a disturbance of the normal ameloblastic activity ( 142 , 164 ) and lead to disorders of dental enamel matrix protein. Vorrink and Domann ( 167 ) explained that the normal xenobiotic responses may be perturbed under physiological hypoxia, so the xenobiotic response and hypoxia response pathways intersect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditions such as neonatal hypoxia ( 16 ), severe allergies ( 91 ), asthma, and other respiratory diseases ( 129 ) can cause respiratory acidosis and abnormal oxygen levels ( 142 ) and may be associated with aDDE. Moreover, because ameloblasts (cells which secrete the enamel proteins) are highly sensitive to oxygen supply ( 77 ), oxygen deficiency was proposed as perturbing the mineralization of the enamel matrix ( 143 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors and Mechanisms Involved in Acquired Developmental Defects of Enamel: A Scoping Review

et al. 2022

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BackgroundDevelopmental Defects of Enamel (DDE) is a pathology of the teeth that can greatly alter the quality of life of patients (hypersensitivity, esthetic issues, loss of function, etc.). The acquired DDE may occur as a result of a wide range of acquired etiological factors and his prevalence of this pathology may reach up to 89.9%. The main objective of this research was to identify and analyze, in current literature, the factors related to acquired DDE, in order to propose a general theory about the mechanisms involved.MethodsThe search of the primary literature was conducted until [December 31, 2021]. Our search strategy uses the Pubmed/MEDLINE database and was structured around 3 terms [“Development,” “Defect,” and “Enamel”]. To be included, references had to be primary studies, written in English. Exclusion criteria were reviews, in vitro, animal, genetic or archeology studies, and studies focused on clinical management of DDE. One hundred and twenty three articles were included in this scoping review: 4 Randomized clinical trials, 1 letter, 5 cases reports, 2 fundamentals studies, and 111 observational studies (33 Cross-sectional studies, 68 Cohort study and 10 Case-control study). The quality of evidence was assessed using the PEDro scale for clinical trials, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies, and a published tool to assess the quality of case reports and case series.ResultsA scoping review of the literature identified 114 factors potentially involved in acquired DDE. The most frequently encountered pathologies are those causing a disorder of calcium homeostasis or a perturbation of the ARNT pathway in mother or child. The link between the ARNT pathway and metabolism deficiency in uncertain and needs to be defined. Also, the implication of this mechanism in tissue impairment is still unclear and needs to be explored.ConclusionsBy identifying and grouping the risk factors cited in the literature, this taxonomy and the hypotheses related to the mechanism allow health practitioners to adopt behaviors that limit the risk of developing aDDE and to set up a prevention of dental pathology. In addition, by reviewing the current literature, this work provides guidance for basic research, clinical studies, and literature searches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors and Mechanisms Involved in Acquired Developmental Defects of Enamel: A Scoping Review

et al. 2022

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“…The negative psychosocial effects of having molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) are well-reported and acknowledge both the functional burden of having hypersensitive molars and the more socially related impacts of having visible anterior enamel opacities. 1 It is, however, only relatively recently that investigators have explored the effect of dental treatment in addressing some of these impacts. [2][3][4] Notably, Hasmun and colleagues 3 used a theoretical model and a validated measure of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) to evaluate childreported outcomes following the minimally invasive aesthetic management of enamel opacities in 86 individuals with MIH, aged 7-16 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Management options include the topical use of remineralisation agents such as fluoride varnish or casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate; minimally invasive techniques such as microabrasion, resin infiltration, and tooth whitening; and more conventional techniques such as composite resin restorations. 1,6,7 An understanding of the optical properties of enamel opacities is fundamental to inform treatment strategies; in particular, hypomineralised enamel has a different refractive index (RI) to normal enamel, which, in turn, affects colour perception. The RI of a substance is the amount of light that is refracted or scattered through a medium and is unique for different materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making white spots disappear! Do minimally invasive treatments improve incisor opacities in children with molar‐incisor hypomineralisation?

Warner

Hasmun

Elcock

et al. 2022

Int J Paed Dentistry

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Background: Children with molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) frequently seek aesthetic treatment for incisor opacities. Surprisingly, few studies have evaluated the clinical success of such interventions. Aim: To quantify the effectiveness of minimally invasive treatments in reducing enamel opacity visibility in children with MIH. Design: This in vitro study used digital clinical images of 23 children aged 8-16 years with MIH who underwent microabrasion and/or resin infiltration for the management of incisor opacities. Standard images were taken pre-treatment and 6 months post-treatment. Image software (Image-Pro Plus ® V7) was employed to convert 24-bit RGB images to 16-bit greyscale and 145× magnification.Measurement repeatability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs). Post-treatment changes in visible opacity area (mm 2 ) and brightness (greyscale value) were tested using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for related samples. Results:The mean total opacity surface area significantly reduced from 14.3 mm 2 (SD = 7.5) to 9.4 mm 2 (SD = 9.0) post-treatment. The proportion of tooth surface affected by the opacity also significantly reduced from 22.5% (SD = 10.5) to 14.7% (SD = 12.7). The mean maximum opacity brightness significantly reduced from 53 066 greyscale value (SD = 4740) to 49 040 (SD = 3796). ICC was good/excellent (0.75-1.0). Conclusion:Minimally invasive treatment is effective in reducing the size and brightness of discrete incisor opacities. Future research should compare objective findings with patient-reported outcomes.

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“…The ameloblasts, the cells that produce enamel, are very sensitive to any local/systemic alteration, even if it lasts a few days [ 13 , 14 ]. Common DDE are qualitative enamel alterations like Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH), affecting 13–14% of children worldwide [ 15 , 16 ]. Dental traumas are also a frequent childhood experience; the prevalence occurs from 6.1% to 62.1% in toddlers and pre-school children [ 17 ], and from 5.3% to 21.0% in schoolchildren [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Pediatric Dentistry a Topic of Interest for Pediatric Journals? A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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Background: Pediatric dentistry shares many skills with pediatrics. This review evaluates the amount of literature on pediatric dentistry in the first 30 pediatric journals classified by the Web of Science in 2019. The aim was to perform a quantitative analysis of the main dental topics addressed. Methods: A scoping review with the PRISMA-ScR criteria was performed. The Clarivate Analytics Journal Citation Report was consulted for journals ranked in the category “Pediatrics” in 2019. Papers were searched in PubMed using an ad hoc prepared string. Results: A total of 504 papers were included. Papers on dental hard tissues were the most prevalent (45.6%), followed by dental public health (23.2%), orofacial development (15.3%), soft tissues related conditions (12.3%), and orofacial trauma (3.6%). Increasing trends have been observed for total papers published (R2 = 0.9822) and total dental papers (R2 = 0.8862), with no statistically significant differences (χ2(6) = 0.051 p > 0.05). The majority of papers (n = 292, 57.9%) were cited between 1 and 10 times, whilst less than 7% of papers received more than 40 citations. Discussion: It is desirable that papers on pediatric dentistry increase in the pediatric scenario, allowing the two related disciplines to intertwine more in the future.

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Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation: Current Knowledge and Practice

Cited by 40 publications

References 54 publications

Factors and Mechanisms Involved in Acquired Developmental Defects of Enamel: A Scoping Review

Factors and Mechanisms Involved in Acquired Developmental Defects of Enamel: A Scoping Review

Making white spots disappear! Do minimally invasive treatments improve incisor opacities in children with molar‐incisor hypomineralisation?

Is Pediatric Dentistry a Topic of Interest for Pediatric Journals? A Scoping Review

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