Moisture-resistant MXene-sodium alginate sponges with sustained superhydrophobicity for monitoring human activities

Liu, Yangchengyi; Sheng, Zhong; Huang, Jielong; Liu, Weiyi; Ding, Hongyan; Peng, Jinfeng; Zhong, Bowen; Sun, Yalun; Ouyang, Xiaoping; Cheng, Huanyu; Wang, Xiufeng

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.134370

Cited by 70 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…S15b ). Although the operating temperature of 60°C is higher than the desired temperature on the skin, it is possible to exploit a heat sink or thermal isolation layer to significantly reduce the temperature at the sensor/skin interface to avoid the adverse thermal effect on the skin surface 58 , 59 . The relatively stable response of ~4.0‰ and fast response/recovery (110/330 s) from the gas sensor to 1 ppm NO over eight consecutive cycles indicate excellent repeatability and reversibility (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors based on laser-induced graphene for environmental monitoring and breath analysis

et al. 2022

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The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG). Sandwiched between a soft elastomeric substrate and a moisture-resistant semipermeable encapsulant, the LIG sensing and electrode layer is first optimized by tuning laser processing parameters such as power, image density, and defocus distance. The gas sensor, using a needlelike LIG prepared with optimal laser processing parameters, exhibits a large response of 4.18‰ ppm−1 to NO and 6.66‰ ppm−1 to NO2, an ultralow detection limit of 8.3 ppb to NO and 4.0 ppb to NO2, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity. The design of a stretchable serpentine structure in the LIG electrode and strain isolation from the stiff island allows the gas sensor to be stretched by 30%. Combined with a moisture-resistant property against a relative humidity of 90%, the reported gas sensor has further been demonstrated to monitor the personal local environment during different times of the day and analyze human breath samples to classify patients with respiratory diseases from healthy volunteers. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors can expand the capability of wearable devices to detect biomarkers from humans and exposed environments for early disease diagnostics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors based on laser-induced graphene for environmental monitoring and breath analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Both conditions must be satisfied for the surface to be superhydrophobic. In nature, the lotus leaf is one of the most well-known examples of a superhydrophobic surface. − The hydrophobic nano/microstructure on the surface allows the leaf to keep dry and clean by droplets collecting dust as they roll off on the surface. − It is also found on the wings and legs of insects. − Butterfly and cicada use the water repellent feature to prevent their wings from accumulating dust and wetting, , and the hydrophobic legs of water striders make these insects capable of floating on the water surface. , It was reported that superhydrophobic surfaces could have self-cleaning, anti-biofouling, anti-corrosion, and anti-icing/fogging features. − These novel properties led many researchers to develop artificial superhydrophobic surfaces. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of an EP/PDMS/SA/AlZnO Coated Superhydrophobic Surface through an Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition Process

et al. 2022

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In this study, a superhydrophobic coating on glass has been prepared through a single-step aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) process. During the process, an aerosolized precursor containing polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy resin, and stearic acid functionalized Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles was deposited onto the glass at 350 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy showed that the precursor was successfully coated and formed a nano/microstructure (surface roughness: 378.0 ± 46.1 nm) on the glass surface. The coated surface had a water contact angle of 159.1 ± 1.2°, contact angle hysteresis of 2.2 ± 1.7°, and rolling off-angle of 1°, indicating that it was superhydrophobic. In the self-cleaning test of the coated surface at a tilted angle of 20°, it was shown that water droplets rolled and washed out dirt on the surface. The stability tests showed that the surface remained superhydrophobic after 120 h of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and even after heat exposure at 350 °C. In addition, the surface was highly repellent to water solutions of pH 1–13. The results showed that the addition of the functionalized nanoparticles into the precursor allowed for the control of surface roughness and provided a simplified single-step fabrication process of the superhydrophobic surface. This provides valuable information for developing the manufacturing process for superhydrophobic surfaces.

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“…[225][226][227] To provide sustained superhydrophobicity in these challenging environments, the superhydrophobic surface can be combined with efficient low-voltage Joule heating to prevent the condensation and nucleation of water molecules. [228] Although reliable long-term use of the device relies on durability, the surfaces with micro-/nanostructured superwettability are often highly susceptible to abrasion and extrusion. Therefore, it is highly desirable to explore advanced design strategies such as a microstructured surface frame "armor" to prevent the removal of the nanostructures by abradants for improved reliability (Figure 11a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Wettability for Skin‐Interfaced Sensors and Devices

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Liu

Cheng

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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The practical applications of skin-interfaced sensors and devices in daily life hinge on the rational design of surface wettability to maintain device integrity and achieve improved sensing performance under complex hydrated conditions. Various bioinspired strategies have been implemented to engineer desired surface wettability for varying hydrated conditions. Although the bodily fluids can negatively affect the device performance, they also provide a rich reservoir of health-relevant information and sustained energy for next-generation stretchable self-powered devices. As a result, the design and manipulation of the surface wettability are critical to effectively control the liquid behavior on the device surface for enhanced performance. The sensors and devices with engineered surface wettability can collect and analyze health biomarkers while being minimally affected by bodily fluids or ambient humid environments. The energy harvesters also benefit from surface wettability design to achieve enhanced performance for powering on-body electronics. This review first summarizes the commonly used approaches to tune the surface wettability for target applications toward skin-interfaced sensors and devices. By considering the existing challenges, one also discusses the opportunities as a small fraction of potential future developments, which can lead to a new class of skin-interfaced devices for use in digital health and personalized medicine.

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Moisture-resistant MXene-sodium alginate sponges with sustained superhydrophobicity for monitoring human activities

Cited by 70 publications

References 60 publications

Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors based on laser-induced graphene for environmental monitoring and breath analysis

Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors based on laser-induced graphene for environmental monitoring and breath analysis

Production of an EP/PDMS/SA/AlZnO Coated Superhydrophobic Surface through an Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition Process

Surface Wettability for Skin‐Interfaced Sensors and Devices

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