Moisture Measurement in Paper and Cardboard Packaging Waste Bales for Recycling

Abstract

Moisture content is a quality issue raised by recycling plants in the acceptance of paper and cardboard coming from waste streams. The current way to measure this parameter is by the oven drying method, which is a slow and invasive process, costing time and resources for the recyclers to do this type of quality control. An alternative to such a measurement technique is the use of plate-form devices which indirectly measure the moisture content using the dielectric properties of water and paper. This study has tested this method and developed a representative equation for the use of devices with these properties in the Portuguese market. For that, 48 wastepaper and cardboard bales were tested with both the traditional (oven drying) method and a commercial device equipped with dielectric technology. An equation that fits the studied reality (R2 = 0.76) was achieved, and possible problems regarding the use of this device were tested. The results showed that this type of device could be used as a time- and cost-saving, non-destructive and reliable method in the quality control of wastepaper and cardboard bales.

The Effect of the Modification of a Three-Ply Corrugated Board With Recycled Fibers on its Properties

“…The obtained results fall within the limits set by the standard of 6-9%; hence, the cardboards can be approved for further production stages. Silveira et al carried out measurements of the moisture content of waste cardboard and paper packaging bales made in several locations and reported an average moisture content of 10-13%(Silveira et al, 2021). Mahakalkar et al noted that the best combined qualities for paper, corrugated board, and boxes are obtained at a moisture content of 7-8%; hence, corrugated board sheets used in the corrugated packaging industry may have an ideal moisture content of 7-8%…”

The Use of Disposable Packaging in The Aspect of Environmental Protection in the Assessment of Consumers Opinions

“…The obtained results fall within the limits set by the standard of 6-9%; hence, the cardboards can be approved for further production stages. Silveira et al carried out measurements of the moisture content of waste cardboard and paper packaging bales made in several locations and reported an average moisture content of 10-13%(Silveira et al, 2021). Mahakalkar et al noted that the best combined qualities for paper, corrugated board, and boxes are obtained at a moisture content of 7-8%; hence, corrugated board sheets used in the corrugated packaging industry may have an ideal moisture content of 7-8%…”

3D Printing as a Source of Packaging Innovation

“…The obtained results fall within the limits set by the standard of 6-9%; hence, the cardboards can be approved for further production stages. Silveira et al carried out measurements of the moisture content of waste cardboard and paper packaging bales made in several locations and reported an average moisture content of 10-13%(Silveira et al, 2021). Mahakalkar et al noted that the best combined qualities for paper, corrugated board, and boxes are obtained at a moisture content of 7-8%; hence, corrugated board sheets used in the corrugated packaging industry may have an ideal moisture content of 7-8%…”