Moisture Ingress and Degradation of Additively Manufactured PLA, ABS and PLA/SiC Composite Parts

Kakanuru, Padmalatha; Pochiraju, Kishore

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2020.101529

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Firstly, higher mass loss might be detected in the case of the first type of aging. It might be explained with the moisture content in the hydrophilic components of the loaded ENR/PLA blend [ 57 , 58 ], which is lost while the sample is subjected to the elevated temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocomposites of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Poly(Lactic Acid) Modified with Natural Substances: Influence of Biomolecules on the Aging Properties (Part II)

Masek

2021

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study is to present the possible influence of natural substances on the aging properties of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) eco-friendly elastic blends. Therefore, the ENR/PLA blends were filled with natural pro-health substances of potentially antioxidative behavior, namely, δ-tocopherol (vitamin E), curcumin, β-carotene and quercetin. In this way, the material biodeterioration potential was maintained and the material’s lifespan was prolonged while subjected to increased temperatures or high-energy UVA irradiation (340 nm). The investigation of the samples’ properties indicated that curcumin and quercetin are the most promising natural additives that may contribute to the delay of ENR/PLA degradation under the above-mentioned conditions. The efficiency of the proposed new natural anti-aging additives was proven with static mechanical analysis, color change investigation, as well as mass loss during a certain aging. The aging coefficient, which compares the mechanical properties before and after the aging process, indicated that the ENR/PLA performance after 200 h of accelerated aging might decrease only by approximately 30% with the blend loaded with quercetin. This finding paves new opportunities for bio-based and green anti-aging systems employed in polymer technology.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocomposites of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Poly(Lactic Acid) Modified with Natural Substances: Influence of Biomolecules on the Aging Properties (Part II)

Masek

2021

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since thermoplastics reveal a hygroscopic behavior [28,29], the specimens are kept in sealed bags after printing. Compared to the tests carried out with two days old specimens, the later tests reveal slightly higher strain-related mechanical properties after 20 days, which indicates a decrease in elastic stiffness.…”

Section: Am Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printed prototyping tools for flexible sheet metal drawing

Frohn-Sörensen

Geueke

Tuli

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to the change from mass production to mass personalized production and the resulting intrinsic product flexibility, the automotive industry, among others, is looking for cost-efficient and resource-saving production methods to combining global just-in-time production. In addition to geometric manufacturing flexibility, additive manufacturing offers a resource-saving application for rapid prototyping and small series in predevelopment. In this study, the FDM process is utilized to manufacture the tooling to draw a small series of sheet metal parts in combination with the rubber pad forming process. Therefore, a variety of common AM polymer materials (PETG, PLA, and ABS) is compared in compression tests, from which PLA is selected to be applied as sheet metal forming die. For the rubber pad forming process, relevant processing parameters, i.e., press force and rubber cushion hardness, are studied with respect to forming depth. The product batch is examined by optical evaluation using a metrological system. The scans of the tool and sheet metal parts confirm the mechanical integrity of the additively manufactured die from polymer and thus the suitability of this approach for small series in sheet metal drawing processes, e.g., for automotive applications.

show abstract

“…Vicente et al [17] studied the effect of different surface coatings in the water absorption and mechanical properties, concluding that different polyurethane coatings reduce water absorption rates and increase the mechanical properties of the materials. In addition, Kakanaru et al [18] studied the water absorption rates and degradation times of PLA, ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), and PLA with silicon carbide, revealing that the addition of 20% of Si-C particles increases the degradation times as well as improving the mechanical properties of the materials. Kariz et al [19] presented the study of different wood powder mixtures in a PLA matrix, defending that the higher wood content increases the water absorption rate and decreases the mechanical properties of the materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Product Design by Additive Manufacturing for Water Environments: Study of Degradation and Absorption Behavior of PLA and PETG

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Additive manufacturing technologies are shifting from rapid prototyping technologies to end use or final parts production. Polymeric material extrusion processes have been broadly addressed with a specific definition of all parameters and variables for all different of technologies approaches and materials. Recycled polymeric materials have been studied due to the growing importance of the environmental awareness of the contemporary society. Beside this, little specific research has been found in product development applications for AM where the printed parts are in highly moisture environments or surrounded by water, but polymers have been for long used in such industries with conventional manufacturing approaches. This work focuses on the analysis and comparison of two different additively manufactured polymers printed by fused filament fabrication (FFF) processes using desktop-size printers to be applied for product design. The polymers used have been a recycled material: polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and polylactic acid (PLA). Degradation and water absorption behaviors of both materials are presented, analyzed and discussed in this paper, where different samples have been immersed in saturated solutions of water with maritime salt and sugar together with a control sample immersed in distilled water. The samples have been dimensionally and weight-controlled weekly as well as microscopically analyzed to understand degradation and absorption processes that appear in the fully saturated solutions. The results revealed how the absorption process is stabilized after a reduced number of weeks for both materials and how the degradation process is more remarked in the PLA material due to its organic nature.

show abstract

Moisture Ingress and Degradation of Additively Manufactured PLA, ABS and PLA/SiC Composite Parts

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Biocomposites of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Poly(Lactic Acid) Modified with Natural Substances: Influence of Biomolecules on the Aging Properties (Part II)

Biocomposites of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Poly(Lactic Acid) Modified with Natural Substances: Influence of Biomolecules on the Aging Properties (Part II)

3D printed prototyping tools for flexible sheet metal drawing

Product Design by Additive Manufacturing for Water Environments: Study of Degradation and Absorption Behavior of PLA and PETG

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About