Moisture absorption, thermal and microstructural properties of polymer composites developed from rice husk and polystyrene wastes

Ighalo, Joshua O.; Adeniyi, Adewale George; Owolabi, Oluwasemilogo O.; Abdulkareem, Sulyman A.

doi:10.1080/19397038.2021.1892234

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These components can provide additional strength and stiffness to the composite mixture, making it more compact and dense. Moreover, rice husk absorbs less water than other biomass or natural fillers, including textile waste, bagasse ash, kenaf fiber, wood fiber, bamboo fiber, and wheat husk [ 56 , 57 , 58 ]. This is due to the fact that rice husk is more hydrophobic than other materials [ 56 , 59 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Varying Concentrations of Epoxy, Rice Husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the Properties of Brake Friction Materials Prepared Using Hand Layup Method

Irawan,

Fitriyana,

Siregar

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Brake friction materials (BFMs) have a critical role in ensuring the safety as well as the reliability of automotive braking systems. However, traditional BFMs, typically made from asbestos, are associated with environmental and health concerns. Therefore, this results in a growing interest in developing alternative BFMs that are eco-friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective. This study investigates the effect of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, alumina (Al2O3), and iron oxide (Fe2O3) on the mechanical and thermal properties of BFMs prepared using the hand layup method. In this study, the rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 were filtered through a 200-mesh sieve. Note that the BFMs were fabricated using different combinations and concentrations of the materials. Their mechanical properties, such as density, hardness, flexural strength, wear resistance, and thermal properties, were investigated. The results suggest that the concentrations of the ingredients significantly influence the mechanical and thermal properties of the BFMs. A specimen made from epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 with concentrations of 50 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 15 wt.%, and 15 wt.%, respectively, produced the best properties for BFMs. On the other hand, the density, hardness, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and wear rate values of this specimen were 1.23 g/cm3, 81.2 Vickers (HV), 57.24 MPa, 4.08 GPa, and 8.665 × 10−7 mm2/kg. In addition, this specimen had better thermal properties than the other specimens. These findings provide valuable insights into developing eco-friendly and sustainable BFMs with suitable performance for automotive applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Varying Concentrations of Epoxy, Rice Husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the Properties of Brake Friction Materials Prepared Using Hand Layup Method

Irawan,

Fitriyana,

Siregar

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…The thermal conductivity (λ) values of all the fabricated foams were measured according to ASTM C518-02 standard. 42 The λ measurements were conducted using HFM-100 Heat Flow Meter (Thermtest Instruments Inc., Fredericton, NB, Canada) by setting that the upper and lower plates were 10 °C and 30 °C, respectively. The sound absorption coefficients were tested with a DTA IT-ABS1 Impedance Tube System (DTA Engineering Co., Ltd., Turkey) according to ISO 10534-2 standard.…”

Section: Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed investigation on the insulation and permeability characteristics of rigid polyurethane foam loaded with micron-sized Turkey feather powder depending on the free volume change

SOYKAN,

CETIN,

YAHSI

2023

Cellular Polymers

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This study brokes new ground to understand the insulation and permeability performances of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) containing the different contents of micron-sized turkey feather powders (TFPs) depending on the free volume change for the first time. The effects of TFPs loading on the RPUFs were investigated by the examination of their structural and chemical features (particle size and ATR-FTIR analyses), free volume property (PALS analysis), insulation features (thermal conductivity and sound absorption tests), permeability performance (air and water vapor permeability tests) and cellular topology (SEM). PALS analysis results revealed that the addition of TFPs into the foams led to the sharp decrease in all free volume parameters since TFPs caused the formation of the disordered cells by occupying the holes in the matrix. Furthermore, both thermal conductivity and acoustic performance of the resulting foams get worse when compared to unfilled RPUF. This results were attributed to the formation of thinner and weaker cells during polymerization, reduction in the amount of CO2 inside the cells, enhancement in the solid-phase level in the matrix due to the increasing of volumetric density. Additionally, the foam samples with high content of TFPs showed considerably lower air and water vapor permeabilities when compared to neat RPUFs due to the dominant hydrophobic character of the keratin and reduction in the degree of vacancies in the matrix. SEM analysis also revealed that TFPs showed good compatibility with RPUF, but the distorted and irregular shaped cellular morphology was obtained at high contents.

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“…Composites are structural materials consisting of two or more constituents (sometimes not soluble in each other) combined at a macroscopic level (Adeyanju et al 2021 ). It consists of the reinforcing or discontinuous phase (metal, ceramic and fibre) embedded in the continuous phase or matrix or resin (Thermosets and Thermoplastics) (Ighalo et al 2021 ). Bilba et al ( 2003 ) studied the influence of the chemical composition of SCB on the properties of bagasse-cement composites.…”

Section: Briquettes Cements and Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugarcane bagasse: a biomass sufficiently applied for improving global energy, environment and economic sustainability

Ajala

Ighalo

Ajala

et al. 2021

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

105

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Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse (SCB) is a biomass of agricultural waste obtained from sugarcane processing that has been found in abundance globally. Due to its abundance in nature, researchers have been harnessing this biomass for numerous applications such as in energy and environmental sustainability. However, before it could be optimally utilised, it has to be pre-treated using available methods. Different pre-treatment methods were reviewed for SCB, both alkaline and alkali–acid process reveal efficient and successful approaches for obtaining higher glucose production from hydrolysis. Procedures for hydrolysis were evaluated, and results indicate that pre-treated SCB was susceptible to acid and enzymatic hydrolysis as > 80% glucose yield was obtained in both cases. The SCB could achieve a bio-ethanol (a biofuel) yield of > 0.2 g/g at optimal conditions and xylitol (a bio-product) yield at > 0.4 g/g in most cases. Thermochemical processing of SCB also gave excellent biofuel yields. The plethora of products obtained in this regard have been catalogued and elucidated extensively. As found in this study, the SCB could be used in diverse applications such as adsorbent, ion exchange resin, briquettes, ceramics, concrete, cement and polymer composites. Consequently, the SCB is a biomass with great potential to meet global energy demand and encourage environmental sustainability.

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Moisture absorption, thermal and microstructural properties of polymer composites developed from rice husk and polystyrene wastes

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Influence of Varying Concentrations of Epoxy, Rice Husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the Properties of Brake Friction Materials Prepared Using Hand Layup Method

Influence of Varying Concentrations of Epoxy, Rice Husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the Properties of Brake Friction Materials Prepared Using Hand Layup Method

Detailed investigation on the insulation and permeability characteristics of rigid polyurethane foam loaded with micron-sized Turkey feather powder depending on the free volume change

Sugarcane bagasse: a biomass sufficiently applied for improving global energy, environment and economic sustainability

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