Moho Interface Modeling Beneath the Himalayas, Tibet and Central Siberia Using GOCO02S and DTM2006.0

Tenzer, Robert; Bagherbandi, Mohammad; Hwang, Cheinway; Chang, Emmy Tsui Yu

doi:10.3319/tao.2012.11.01.02(tibxs)

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A Moho depth largely between 60-70 km beneath most of the Himalayas and Tibet was reported in [7]. These values closely agree with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Starting from the 1980s, numerous tomographic surveys have been carried out to investigate a deep structure in the Himalayas and Tibet [1][2][3][4][5][6]. For a more detailed overview of these studies, we refer readers to [7] and further in Section 2.2. Despite this effort, large parts of this region are still not yet sufficiently covered by high quality seismic data mainly due to its remoteness and extreme climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Gravimetric-Seismic Moho Model of Tibet

2018

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Substantial progress has been achieved over the last four decades to better understand a deep structure in the Himalayas and Tibet. Nevertheless, the remoteness of this part of the world still considerably limits the use of seismic data. A possible way to overcome this practical restriction partially is to use products from the Earth’s satellite observation systems. Global topographic data are provided by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Global gravitational models have been derived from observables delivered by the gravity-dedicated satellite missions, such as the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and the Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE). Optimally, the topographic and gravity data should be combined with available results from tomographic surveys to interpret the lithospheric structure, including also a Moho relief. In this study, we use seismic, gravity, and topographic data to estimate the Moho depth under orogenic structures of the Himalayas and Tibet. The combined Moho model is computed based on solving the Vening Meinesz–Moritz (VMM) inverse problem of isostasy, while incorporating seismic data to constrain the gravimetric solution. The result of the combined gravimetric-seismic data analysis exhibits an anticipated more detailed structure of the Moho geometry when compared to the solution obtained merely from seismic data. This is especially evident over regions with sparse seismic data coverage. The newly-determined combined Moho model of Tibet shows a typical contrast between a thick crustal structure of orogenic formations compared to a thinner crust of continental basins. The Moho depth under most of the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau is typically within 60–70 km. The maximum Moho deepening of ~76 km occurs to the south of the Bangong-Nujiang suture under the Lhasa terrane. Local maxima of the Moho depth to ~74 km are also found beneath Taksha at the Karakoram fault. This Moho pattern generally agrees with the findings from existing gravimetric and seismic studies, but some inconsistencies are also identified and discussed in this study.

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“…A Moho depth largely between 60-70 km beneath most of the Himalayas and Tibet was reported in [7]. These values closely agree with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Gravimetric-Seismic Moho Model of Tibet

2018

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“…Some major features of the obtained Moho depth variations are different from other published results based on the gravity data (e.g., Baranov et al, ; Braitenberg et al, , ; Chen & Tenzer, ; Shin et al, ; Tenzer et al, ; Xu et al, ). For comparison, the interpolated seismic‐derived Moho (Stolk et al, ) and four most recent results (Baranov et al, ; Chen & Tenzer, ; Shin et al, ; Xu et al, ) are shown in Figures b–f.…”

Section: Moho Structure Of the Tibetan Plateaucontrasting

confidence: 89%

“…For example, Braitenberg et al (, ) found that the Moho depth under most of Tibet is within 70–75 km, with the maximum Moho depth ~80 km along the margins of the plateau and a shallower depth of ~65 km under the Bangong‐Nujiang suture in central Tibet. Tenzer et al () showed that the Moho depth is largely between 65 and 75 km in Tibet, while the maximum Moho depth reaching to ~79 km is found in the Himalayas and northern Tibet. Shin et al () found distinct Moho folds in central Tibet, which have been interpreted as the north‐south extrusion resulting from the India‐Eurasia convergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moho Beneath Tibet Based on a Joint Analysis of Gravity and Seismic Data

Zhao

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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We use the improved Parker‐Oldenburg's formulas that include a reference depth into the exponential term and employ the Gauss‐fast Fourier transform method to determine Moho depth beneath the Tibetan Plateau. The synthetic models demonstrate that the improved Parker's formula has high accuracy with the maximum absolute error less than 0.25 mGal compared to the analytical solution. Two inversion parameters, that is, the reference depth and the density contrast, are essential for the Moho estimation based on the gravity field, and they need to be determined in advance to obtain correct results. Therefore, the Moho estimates derived from existing seismic studies are used to reduce the nonuniqueness of the gravity inversion and to determine these parameters by searching for the maximum correlation between the gravity‐inverted and seismic‐derived Moho depths. Another critical issue is to remove beforehand the gravity effects of other factors, which affect the observed gravity field besides Moho variations. In addition to the topography, the gravity effects of the sedimentary layer and crystalline crust are removed based on existing crustal models, while the upper mantle impact is determined based on the seismic tomography model. The inversion results show that the Moho structure under the Tibetan plateau is very complex with the depths varying from about 30–40 km in the surrounding basins (e.g., Ganges basin, Sichuan basin, and Tarim basin) to 60–80 km within the plateau. This considerable difference up to 40 km on the Moho depth reveals the substantial uplift and thickening of the crust in the Tibetan Plateau. Furthermore, two visible “Moho depression belts” are observed within the plateau with the maximum Moho deepening along the Indus‐Tsangpo Suture and along the northern margin of Tibet bounding the Tarim basin with the relatively shallow Moho in central Tibet between them. The southern “belt” is likely formed in compressional environment, where the Indian plate underthrusts northward beneath the Tibetan Plateau, while the northern one could be formed by the southward underthrust of the Asian lithosphere beneath Tibet.

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“…The tectonic plate collision in our study area could be the main reason for uncertainties in the gravimetrically determined Moho depths. It has been demonstrated, for instance, by Bagherbandi et al (2013) and Tenzer et al (2013) that the VMM isostatic models (a) (b) (c) Fig. 3.…”

Section: Regional Moho Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sub-Crustal Stress Field in the Taiwan Region

Tenzer¹,

Eshagh²

2015

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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We investigate the sub-crustal stress in the Taiwan region. A tectonic configuration in this region is dominated by a collision between the Philippine oceanic plate and the Eurasian continental margin. The horizontal components of the sub-crustal stress are computed based on the modified Runcorn's formulae in terms of the stress function with a subsequent numerical differentiation. This modification increases the (degree-dependent) convergence domain of the asymptotically-convergent series and consequently allows evaluating the stress components to a spectral resolution, which is compatible with currently available global crustal models. Moreover, the solution to the Vening Meinesz-Moritz's (VMM) inverse isostasy problem is explicitly incorporated in the stress function definition. The sub-crustal stress is then computed for a variable Moho geometry, instead of assuming only a constant Moho depth. The regional results reveal that the Philippine plate subduction underneath the Eurasian continental margin generates the shear sub-crustal stress along the Ryukyu Trench. Some stress anomalies associated with this subduction are also detected along both sides of the Okinawa Trough. A tensional stress along this divergent tectonic plate boundary is attributed to a back-arc rifting. The sub-crustal stress, which is generated by a (reverse) subduction of the Eurasian plate under the Philippine plate, propagates along both sides of the Luzon (volcanic) Arc. This stress field has a prevailing compressional pattern.

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Moho Interface Modeling Beneath the Himalayas, Tibet and Central Siberia Using GOCO02S and DTM2006.0

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Combined Gravimetric-Seismic Moho Model of Tibet

Combined Gravimetric-Seismic Moho Model of Tibet

Moho Beneath Tibet Based on a Joint Analysis of Gravity and Seismic Data

The Sub-Crustal Stress Field in the Taiwan Region

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