Modulus-Modulated All-Organic Core–Shell Nanofiber with Remarkable Piezoelectricity for Energy Harvesting and Condition Monitoring

Abstract

The low piezoelectricity of piezoelectric polymers significantly restricts their applications. Introducing inorganic fillers can slightly improve the piezoelectricity of polymers, whereas it is usually at the cost of flexibility and durability. In this work, using a modulus-modulated core–shell structure strategy, all-organic nanofibers with remarkable piezoelectricity were designed and prepared by a coaxial electrospinning method. It was surprisingly found that the introduction of a nonpiezoelectric polymeric core (e.g., polycarbonate, PC) can result in 110% piezoelectric coefficient (d 33) enhancement in a poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) nanofiber. Accordingly, the all-organic PVDF-TrFE@PC core–shell nanofiber exhibits record-high energy-harvesting performance (i.e., 126 V output voltage, 710 mW m–2 power density) among the reported organic piezoelectric materials. In addition, the excellent sensing capability of the core–shell nanofiber enabled us to develop a wireless vibration monitoring and analyzing system, which realizes the real-time vibration detection of a power transformer.

A Review of Polymer-Based Environment-Induced Nanogenerators: Power Generation Performance and Polymer Material Manipulations

“…Complementary to the mechanical stretching approach, the enhancement of the β phase content in fibers can be achieved through diverse spinning techniques, including melt spinning [ 80 ], wet spinning [ 81 ], and electrospinning [ 82 ]. These techniques enable the fabrication of fibers with varied morphological structures, encompassing solid [ 82 ], core-shell [ 83 ], hollow structures [ 84 ].…”

Electron-beam writing of a relaxor ferroelectric polymer for multiplexing information storage and encryption

“…12 Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)) is a chemically inert material, and its domain-controllable strategies are complicated and tedious for chemical modifications. [13][14][15][16] Several efforts have been devoted to patterning ferroelectric polymer nanostructures using highresolution and well-defined anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) molds 17,18 or a hundred-nanometer-level silicon mold. 19,20 Nanoconfined crystallization in the mold is conducive for the formation of one-type orientation domains, thus showing excellent data storage behavior for single-dimensional FeRAM.…”

All‐organic shell–core PVDF/PMMA composite fiber films with enhanced piezoelectric performance for flexible sensing and energy harvesting

“…Chai et al designed a modulus-modulated all-organic core-shell nanofiber, exhibiting excellent piezoelectric properties suitable for energy harvesting and state monitoring. 26 The introduction of a non-piezoelectric polymer core led to a 110% increase in the piezoelectric coefficient jd 33 j of PVDF. Koay et al paired polarized poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 27 adjusting the polarization direction of P(VDF-TrFE) to achieve a 135% average improvement in the electrical output of P-TENGs (open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and short-circuit charge density).…”

“…The broader application scope of organic piezoelectric materials aligns better with current development needs. Chai et al designed a modulus‐modulated all‐organic core–shell nanofiber, exhibiting excellent piezoelectric properties suitable for energy harvesting and state monitoring 26 . The introduction of a non‐piezoelectric polymer core led to a 110% increase in the piezoelectric coefficient | d 33 | of PVDF.…”