Modulatory effects of taurine on metabolic and oxidative stress parameters in a mice model of muscle overuse

Thirupathi, Anand; Freitas, S A; Sorato, Helen Rebelo; Pedroso, Giulia S.; Effting, Pauline Souza; Damiani, Adriani Paganini; Andrade, Vanessa Moraes de; Nesi, Renata Tiscoski; Gupta, Ramesh C.; Müller, Alexandre Pastoris; Pinho, Ricardo A.

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2018.03.058

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Furthermore, taurine is the most abundant free amino acid in skeletal muscle cells, which serve as the most important pool of taurine in the adult body ( Spriet and Whitfield, 2015 ). Growing evidence has demonstrated that a normal level of taurine is essential for the maintenance of normal muscle function ( Matsuzaki et al, 2002 ; Leon et al, 2009 ; Schaffer et al, 2010 ; Spriet and Whitfield, 2015 ; Thirupathi et al, 2018 ; Seidel et al, 2019 ; Thirupathi et al, 2020 ). Taurine biosynthesis starts with the oxidation of the thiol group of the cysteine, followed by a decarboxylation reaction and spontaneous reaction to form taurine ( Huxtable and Lippincott, 1982 ; Franconi et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antioxidant effects of taurine have been shown in mature myotubes and myofibers ( Stacchiotti et al, 2014 ; Thirupathi et al, 2018 ; Seidel et al, 2019 ; Thirupathi et al, 2020 ) but not yet in myoblasts which are capable of proliferating, differentiating, and fusing to form myofibers upon muscle regeneration stimulus. Significantly, myoblasts can also be impaired in cancer patients after chemotherapeutic medication, resulting in the dysfunction of muscle regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taurine Protects C2C12 Myoblasts From Impaired Cell Proliferation and Myotube Differentiation Under Cisplatin-Induced ROS Exposure

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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In cancer patients, chemotherapeutic medication induces aberrant ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation in skeletal muscles, resulting in myofiber degradation, muscle weakness, and even cachexia, which further leads to poor therapeutic outcomes. Acting as an antioxidant, taurine is extensively used to accelerate postexercise muscle recovery in athletes. The antioxidant effects of taurine have been shown in mature myotubes and myofibers but not yet in myoblasts, the myotube precursor. The proliferation and differentiation ability of myoblasts play a very important role in myofiber repair and regeneration, which is usually impaired during chemotherapeutics in cancer patients as well. Here, we explored the effects of taurine supplementation on C2C12 myoblasts exposed to cisplatin-induced ROS. We found that cisplatin treatment led to dramatically decreased cell viability; accumulated ROS level; down-regulated expressions of MyoD1 (myoblast determination protein 1), myogenin, and MHC (myosin heavy chain); and impaired myotube differentiation in myoblasts. Significantly, taurine supplementation protected myoblasts against cisplatin-induced cell viability decrease, promoted cellular ROS clearance, and, most importantly, preserved the expressions of MyoD1, myogenin, and MHC as well as myotube differentiation ability. We further conducted NMR-based metabolomic analysis to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. We identified 14 characteristic metabolites primarily responsible for the discrimination of metabolic profiles between cisplatin-treated cells and normal counterparts, including increased levels of BCAAs (branched-chain amino acids: leucine and isoleucine), alanine, glycine, threonine, glucose, ADP (adenosine diphosphate), phenylalanine, and PC (O-phosphocholine), and decreased levels of lysine, β-alanine, choline, GPC (sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), and myo-inositol. Evidently, taurine supplementation partially reversed the changing trends of several metabolites (isoleucine, threonine, glycine, PC, β-alanine, lysine, and myo-inositol). Furthermore, taurine supplementation promoted the proliferation and myotube differentiation of myoblasts by alleviating cellular catabolism, facilitating GSH (reduced glutathione) biosynthesis, improving glucose utilization and TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle anaplerosis, and stabilizing cellular membranes. Our results demonstrated the protective effects of taurine on cisplatin-impaired myoblasts and elucidated the mechanistic rationale for the use of taurine to ameliorate muscle toxicity in clinical chemotherapy cancer patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine Protects C2C12 Myoblasts From Impaired Cell Proliferation and Myotube Differentiation Under Cisplatin-Induced ROS Exposure

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…However, ndings from previous trials regarding the effects of TAU intake on muscle cell damage, catabolic/anabolic status, oxidative stress, athletic performance, and the immune system function are con icting. For example, growing evidence has suggested that such an immunonutrition can reduce oxidative stress markers [8] and superoxide radical production [9], eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage biomarkers [10], and exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) [11,12]. On the other hand, other trials have failed to con rm the effects of TAU supplementation on enhanced physiological parameters such as aerobic performance[8], anaerobic capacity, perceived exertion, and HR response [8,13], as well as serum interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in ammatory markers in triathletes [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Inflammatory Cytokines and Physical Performance to Simulated Taekwondo-Specific Protocol in Elite Male Athletes: A Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

Samandari¹,

Sanjideh²,

Faramarzi³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of taurine supplementation as a countermeasure against decrement in athletic performance to enhance metabolic inflammation status, circulating lactate levels, and functional capacity following a simulated taekwondo competition day with the same physiological pressure in elite male taekwondo athletes.Methods: A double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover design was utilized in the present trial. A total number of ten healthy, highly-trained, elite male taekwondo athletes (age=20.60±3.5 years) were accordingly recruited to receive taurine (a dose of 15 mg/ body weight, approximately three servings per day) or the same doses of a placebo for 10 days, separated by a 10-day washout period. The simulated taekwondo competition day included five exhaustive single competition sessions using a special time framework of taekwondo test with the same physiological pressure. Five competition taekwondo stations were also done with a time-course order. Results: The results showed significant time-placebo interaction effect for IL-15 levels (0.001). Using post-hoc comparisons, a significant increase was also found between supplemental and placebo occasions 24 h after the simulated taekwondo competition day (0.001). However, no significant changes were observed in IL-8 (0.19), IL-17 (0.808), hs-CRP (0.766), and TNF-α (p=0.970) levels. In addition, there were no significant changes in final heart rate (p=0.413), countermovement jump (p=0.884), and turning kick (p=0.790) following the simulated taekwondo competition day and taurine supplementation.Conclusions: The results of the present trial did not support the ergogenic effect of short-term (10-day) taurine supplementation on performance and inflammation status of elite male athletes.

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“…Taurine is one of the most abundant free amino acids in the body (Schuller-Levis and Park, 2003). It has anti-inflammatory (Kim and Cha, 2014, Marcinkiewicz et al, 2005, Niu et al, 2018, Chupel et al, 2018), antioxidative (Silva et al, 2011, Niu et al, 2018, Thirupathi et al, 2018, Bucolo et al, 2018, Lee et al, 2019), and osmoprotective (Bucolo et al, 2018, Trachtman et al, 1988) properties. In the intestine of an immunosuppressive mouse model, taurine increases the number of some immune cells and total cells in Payer’s patches (Fang et al, 2019), it reduces the growth of harmful bacteria, increases the production of short-chain fatty acids (Yu et al, 2016), and attenuates induced colitis (Shimizu et al, 2009, Zhao et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caloric restriction increases levels of taurine in the intestine and stimulates taurine uptake by conjugation to glutathione

Gregor

Pignitter

Fahrngruber

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Our previous study indicated increased levels of taurine-conjugated bile acids in the intestine content of caloric restriction (CR) mice. In the current project, we found increased levels of free taurine and taurine conjugates, including glutathione (GSH)-taurine, in CR compared to ad libitum fed animals in the mucosa along the intestine while there was no impact on taurine and its conjugates in the liver. The levels of free GSH were decreased in the intestine of CR compared to ad libitum fed mice. However, the levels of oxidized GSH were not affected and were complemented by the lack of changes in the antioxidative parameters. Glutathione-S transferases (GST) enzymatic activity was increased as was the expression of GST genes along the GI tract of CR mice. In CR intestine addition of GSH to taurine solution enhanced taurine uptake. Accordingly, the expression of taurine transporter (TauT) was increased in the ileum of CR mice.

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Modulatory effects of taurine on metabolic and oxidative stress parameters in a mice model of muscle overuse

Abstract: Taken together, these data suggest that taurine supplementation modulates various cellular remodeling parameters after overuse-induced muscle damage, and that these positive effects may be related to its antioxidant capacity.

Cited by 32 publications

References 52 publications

Taurine Protects C2C12 Myoblasts From Impaired Cell Proliferation and Myotube Differentiation Under Cisplatin-Induced ROS Exposure

Taurine Protects C2C12 Myoblasts From Impaired Cell Proliferation and Myotube Differentiation Under Cisplatin-Induced ROS Exposure

The Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Inflammatory Cytokines and Physical Performance to Simulated Taekwondo-Specific Protocol in Elite Male Athletes: A Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

Caloric restriction increases levels of taurine in the intestine and stimulates taurine uptake by conjugation to glutathione

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