Modulation Schemes for Single-Laser 100 Gb/s Links: Single-Carrier

Sharif, Milad; Perin, Jose Krause; Kahn, Joseph M.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2015.2470523

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In every case, the received mean optical power is set to be the same. Also included is PAM, where only one Cartesian dimension is used; note that the actual bandwidth of PAM depends on the pulse shaping used, and in the Nyquist limit (using sinc-shaped pulses), PAM could be twice as spectrally efficient as shown; detailed comparisons for a range of modulator bandwidths are given in the papers of Sharif et al [2] and Perin et al [3]. In these PAM simulations, the transmitted pulses were unshaped, and the electrical receiver noise was band-limited by a fourth-order Bessel filter with a bandwidth of 70% of the data rate.…”

Section: Signal-to-noise Ratio Cost Of Increasing Spectral Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is also a key parameter in wireless (fibre-less) optical communications, as illustrated in figure 1, and single-wavelength systems that are used for shortrange interconnects. This is because each signalling rate of each wavelength of most optical systems is ultimately limited by the electrical bandwidths of their optoelectronic components, such as light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical modulators and photodiodes and of the associated electronics, including analogue-to-digital and digital-to-analogue converters [2,3]. Thus, this paper will hereon in refer to electrical spectral efficiency, defined as the bit rate per unit electrical bandwidth (bit s −1 Hz −1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectrally efficient optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Lowery

2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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This paper charts the development of spectrally efficient forms of optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) that are suited for intensity-modulated direct detection systems, such as wireless optical communications. The journey begins with systems using a DC-bias to ensure that no parts of the signal that modulates the optical source are negative in value, as negative optical intensity is unphysical. As the DC-part of the optical signal carries no information, it is wasteful in energy; thus asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM was developed, removing any negative-going peaks below the mean. Unfortunately, the clipping causes second-order distortion and intermodulation, so some subcarriers appear to be unusable, halving spectral efficiency; this is similar for unipolar and flipped optical OFDM. Thus, a considerable effort has been made to regain spectral efficiency, using layered techniques where the clipping distortion is mostly cancelled at the receiver, from a knowledge of one unpolluted layer, enabling one or more extra ‘layers/paths/depths’ to be received on the previously unusable subcarriers. Importantly, for a given optical power and high-order modulation, layered methods offer the best spectral efficiencies and need the lowest signal-to-noise ratios, especially if diversity combining is used. Thus, they could be important for high-bandwidth optical fibre systems. Efficient methods of generating all layers simultaneously, using fast Fourier transforms with their partial calculations extracted, are discussed, as are experimental demonstrations in both wireless and short-haul communications links. A musical analogy is also provided, which may point to how orchestral and rock music is deciphered in the brain. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Optical wireless communication’.

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Section: Signal-to-noise Ratio Cost Of Increasing Spectral Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrally efficient optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Lowery

2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…R. Ashok data rate scalability limitations [7]. As opposed to IMDD, coherent techniques aid in achieving data rate scalability together with a better receiver sensitivity [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Analog Adaptive Equalizer for Coherent Data Center Interconnects

Nambath

Ashok

Manikandan

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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We present the detailed architecture of an allanalog adaptive equalizer for low-power analog signal processing based coherent optical dual-polarization quadrature phase-shift keying transceivers. The proof of concept equalizer uses the constant modulus algorithm for weight coefficient update. The equalizer, implemented in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology for 100 Gb/s operation, occupies ∼1.4 mm × 1.35 mm area and draws 1 A current from a 2.5 V supply. Its functionality is validated experimentally for data rates up to 40 Gb/s and by using postlayout circuit simulations for data rates up to 100 Gb/s. The equalizer output after processing with a behavioral Costas loopbased carrier phase recovery and compensation module shows bit error rates well within the hard-decision forward error correction limit for 40 Gb/s single-mode fiber links of length up to 10 km. Performance and power consumption of the equalizer are expected to improve when implemented in advanced CMOS or FinFET technologies. The simple architecture of the analog domain equalizer makes it suitable for analog coherent shortreach interconnects with length less than 10 km and carrier wavelengths of either 1310 nm or 1550 nm.

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“…This model considers light intensity is composed of the multiplication which can accurately describe the fluctuation characteristics of the received light intensity in the case of strong turbulence. Since the Gamma-Gamma model takes into account the influence of turbulence at each scale, this model can apply weak turbulence area to strong turbulence area [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of a Novel FSO Transmission Scheme Using Pulse Amplitude Modulation

Shao¹,

Zhao²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2017 2nd International Conference on Machinery, Electronics and Control Simulation (MECS 2017)

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Abstract. In this letter, a novel scheme which can realize high-speed optical signals transmission and reception by using 4-pulsed amplitude (4-PAM) modulation and demodulation in 10 Gb/s free-space optical (FSO) systems. In this scheme, one PAM sequence generator module, one M-element pulse generator (MPG) module and one Mach-Zehnder Modulator are used to generate 10Gb/s 4-PAM optical signals. And then, the generated optical signal is transmitted in free space. Finally, it is directly detected and demodulated (IM/DD). We measure time-domain sequential waveform curves, optical spectrum curves, eye diagrams, and analyze the reception performance of 10Gb/s 4-PAM signals before and after transmission.

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Modulation Schemes for Single-Laser 100 Gb/s Links: Single-Carrier

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Spectrally efficient optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Spectrally efficient optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

All-Analog Adaptive Equalizer for Coherent Data Center Interconnects

Design and Analysis of a Novel FSO Transmission Scheme Using Pulse Amplitude Modulation

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