“…A recent study of combining 2 drugs, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and rapamycin (RPA), demonstrated that antibody responses against factor IX (FIX) was prevented after adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene transfer into the livers of nonhuman primates. 26 However, administration of either a single agent, or 2-agent combinations of MMF, cyclosporine A (CSA), and RPA were shown to have limited effects in a hemophilia A mouse model by only delaying immune responses after nonviral gene transfer. 27 Inhibitory antibodies appeared shortly after withdrawal of the drug(s).…”