Modulation of the El Niño teleconnection to the North Atlantic by the tropical North Atlantic during boreal spring and summer

Casselman, Jake W.; Jiménez‐Esteve, Bernat; Domeisen, Daniela I. V.

doi:10.5194/wcd-3-1077-2022

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…Mezzina et al [23] highlighted that the ENSO phenomenon has been shown to contribute to the north Atlantic mid-latitude weather predictability at the surface. Casselman et al [24,25] also confirmed the teleconnection between the ENSO and NAO circulation modes in coupled climatic models. García-Serrano et al [26] revisited the timing of the ENSO-Tropical North Atlantic relationship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Atmospheric Processes over the Broader Mediterranean Region: Effect of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation?

Kambezidis

2024

Atmosphere

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The Mediterranean area is considered a hot spot on our planet because it represents the crossroads of various aerosols. Several studies have shown that the weather in the region is affected by the North-Atlantic Oscillation, which, in turn, is well connected with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. Nevertheless, no study has investigated the ENSO effect on the solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols in this region. The present study considers a greater area around the Mediterranean Sea over the period 1980–2022. The results show that there exists a loose but significant dependence, in some cases, of the optical properties of aerosols (aerosol optical depth, Ångström exponent, cloud optical depth) and solar radiation (net short-wave and net long-wave radiation, direct aerosol radiative forcing) on ENSO events. The results of this study provide motivation for further investigations, since such results can increase the accuracy of general circulation models that deal with climate change. Besides the ENSO effect, the enrichment of the Mediterranean atmosphere in suspended particles from great volcanic eruptions is shown. The inter-annual variation of the examined parameters is presented. A classification of the existing aerosols over the area is also provided.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Atmospheric Processes over the Broader Mediterranean Region: Effect of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation?

Kambezidis

2024

Atmosphere

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“…We use Isca (Vallis et al., 2018), a framework for the idealized modeling of planetary atmospheres, which has previously been used to simulate atmospheric teleconnections (Jiménez‐Esteve & Domeisen, 2019; Thomson & Vallis, 2018a, 2018b), including the ENSO–Europe teleconnection (Casselman et al., 2022; Jiménez‐Esteve & Domeisen, 2020). It uses the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory dynamical core along with a number of simplified parameterizations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of Changes to the ENSO–Europe Teleconnection Under Future Warming

Beverley,

Collins,

Lambert

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnection to Europe is projected to strengthen under global warming in most climate model simulations. However, given the current difference between recent observations and historical model simulations of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature trends, with models simulating an El Niño‐like warming in recent decades which is in disagreement with observations, it is important to understand the relative contributions of changes to the teleconnection forcing and background state to the overall teleconnection change. Using idealized climate model experiments, we show that both the eastward shift of El Niño precipitation and background state changes make contributions to the overall teleconnection change. These results suggest that the ENSO–Europe teleconnection can be expected to strengthen under global warming, even if ENSO precipitation anomalies do not shift eastwards as currently projected. However, the magnitude of the strengthening may depend on how much of an eastward shift does occur.

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“…There is also some evidence that changing the background climate conditions in the tropical North Atlantic in different seasons might contribute to the modulation of the ENSO signal in the North Atlantic and Europe. For example, the tropical North Atlantic modulates and strengthens the ENSO teleconnection toward the North Atlantic and Europe in boreal spring and summer, respectively (Casselman et al, 2022). López‐Parages and Rodríguez‐Fonseca (2012) pointed out that the AMO modulates the El Niño rainfall teleconnection in the Euro‐Mediterranean region in late winter‐spring, while the PDO modulates it in autumn.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Enso Teleconnectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of ENSO teleconnections at present and under future global warming

Alizadeh

2023

WIREs Climate Change

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The El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major component of the Earth's climate that largely influences global climate variability through long‐distance teleconnections. Rossby wave trains emerging from the tropical convection and their propagation into extratropical regions are the key mechanism for tropical and extratropical teleconnections. Despite significant progress in the understanding of ENSO teleconnections over the recent past decades, several important issues have remained to be addressed. The global atmospheric teleconnections of ENSO vary substantially with the seasonal cycle, on the decadal timescale, and under the influence of global warming. It is essential to separate the internal decadal variability of ENSO teleconnections from changes caused by the external forcing of global warming. However, the post‐satellite observations are not long enough to compose a large number of ENSO events to distinguish the decadal variability of ENSO teleconnections from changes related to increasing greenhouse concentrations. The current climate models also suffer from common biases, such that they are unable to properly reproduce both the tropical mean state and some features of ENSO. Nevertheless, observational records can be extended back in time via reconstruction methods. Efforts have also already been made to remove some main common biases of climate models and to improve the representation of ENSO characteristics. The reliable reconstructed data along with a large number of ensemble members of the improved climate model simulations can be applied to advance our understanding of ENSO global teleconnections and their responses to internal decadal variability and externally forced global warming.This article is categorized under: Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Modern Climate Change Climate Models and Modeling > Earth System Models Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Evaluating Future Impacts of Climate Change

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Modulation of the El Niño teleconnection to the North Atlantic by the tropical North Atlantic during boreal spring and summer

Cited by 7 publications

References 78 publications

Atmospheric Processes over the Broader Mediterranean Region: Effect of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation?

Atmospheric Processes over the Broader Mediterranean Region: Effect of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation?

Drivers of Changes to the ENSO–Europe Teleconnection Under Future Warming

A review of ENSO teleconnections at present and under future global warming

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