Modulation of the carotid baroreflex function during volume expansion

Chen, H. I.; Chai, C. Y.; Tung, Che Se; Chen, H. C.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1979.237.2.h153

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…They found that baroreceptor gain, measured by the ratio of the change in intrasinus pressure to the change in mean arterial pressure, decreased markedly when arterial pressure was in the 50 to 100, but not in the 100 to 150, mm Hg range. Since the arterial pressure in our experiment was in the upper range, our results seem to be in accord with those of Chen et al 6 In all groups the mean arterial pressure measured during the control period was close to the value of arterial pressure determined during a week of control measurements before the final nephrectomy. Therefore, the validity of the control values determined on the morning of the infusion seems to be substantiated.…”

Section: Responses Of Arterial Pressure To Volume Loadingsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…5 6 In the present study, however, the increase in central venous pressure was not nearly as large as that produced by Vatner et al, 5 who found a large decrease in the ratio of cardiac pulse interval to systolic arterial pressure after volume infusion. Because we did not measure heart rate continuously in our present study, our results cannot be directly compared with those of Vatner et al 5 In addition, Chen et al 6 found that volume infusion into anesthetized rabbits increased right atrial pressure by 10 cm H 2 O, which is close to the increase we observed. They found that baroreceptor gain, measured by the ratio of the change in intrasinus pressure to the change in mean arterial pressure, decreased markedly when arterial pressure was in the 50 to 100, but not in the 100 to 150, mm Hg range.…”

Section: Responses Of Arterial Pressure To Volume Loadingsupporting

confidence: 76%

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Effects of baroreceptor denervation on volume loading hypertension in anephric dogs.

Manning¹,

Cowley²,

Coleman³

1985

Hypertension

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SUMMARY The role of the baroreceptor mechanism in determining the relationship between fluid volume and arterial pressure is not clear. Therefore, the effects of the baroreflex on the arterial pressure and fluid volume of conscious, anephric dogs were studied after a sustained 10% increase in blood volume. The animals were equipped with long-term indwelling arterial and venous catheters, and arterial pressure was monitored 24 hours a day. The increase in blood volume was achieved by intravenous infusion of 50 ml/kg of lactated Ringer's solution in 30 minutes. After volume loading arterial pressure increased rapidly to hypertensive levels (130.8 ± 7.5% of control) in a baroreceptor denervated group. The initial increase in arterial pressure in a group of normally innervated dogs was smaller (118.8 ± 1.8% of control), but by 24 hours postinfusion the arterial pressure of both groups had reached the same level. The innervated group had probably experienced baroreceptor resetting by this time. Blood volume both before and after infusion was not different in the denervated and innervated groups; however, sodium space was markedly higher before the infusion in the denervated dogs (431.8 ± 13.8 ml/kg vs 344.8 ± 19.0 ml/kg in the innervated dogs), and the volume load caused parallel increases in this space in the denervated and innervated groups. The present study shows that the blood volume of anephric dogs was unchanged after baroreceptor denervation while the extracellular fluid volume of denervated dogs was elevated. Furthermore, a small sustained increase in blood volume in either conscious, innervated dogs or conscious, baroreceptor denervated dogs, in contradistinction to the effects in anesthetized dogs, resulted in significant increases in arterial pressure (p < 0.05). (Hypertension 7: 562-568, 1985) KEY WORDS • blood volume • extracellular fluid volume • central venous pressure A LTHOUGH several investigators have studied / \ the effects of volume loading on the arterial A. ^L. pressure of either intact or baroreceptor denervated animals, 1 -2 little information is available about the effects of the arterial baroreceptors on the arterial pressure response to a step change in blood volume in conscious animals. The effects of the arterial barorefiex on fluid volume distribution also are poorly understood.When excess volume in the form of saline is infused continuously into dogs with reduced renal mass, blood volume progressively increases for a few days and then decreases to near control values after 1 week.

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Section: Responses Of Arterial Pressure To Volume Loadingsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Responses Of Arterial Pressure To Volume Loadingsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effects of baroreceptor denervation on volume loading hypertension in anephric dogs.

Manning¹,

Cowley²,

Coleman³

1985

Hypertension

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“…However, the differences were not statistically significant (p >0.02). In either 45 or 90° tilt, the gain values obtained from the SDVT experiment (LEVISON et al, 1966;CHEN, 1979;CHEN et al, 1979;CHEN and BISHOP, 1983). The sigmoid relationship between the input pressure (carotid sinus pressure) and the output pressure (SAP) reflects that the loop G is not a constant function, but decreases toward the saturation pressure (CHEN and BISHOP, 1983).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another possibility for the unaltered PVP in the face of reflex sympathetic activation was a reduction in venous capacity without significant change in the pressure. The baroreflex G in arterial pressure compensation have been assessed using open-and closed-loop methods (LEVISON et al, 1966;ALLISON et al, 1969;DONALD and EDIS, 1971;MCRITCHIE et al, 1976;CHEN, 1979;CHEN et al, 1979;CHEN and BISHOP, 1983). CHEN and BISHOP (1983) were the first to correlate the G values from the open-loop experiment with the data from the closed-loop approach.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our data revealed that the total baroreflex compensation in terms of the loop gain during the orthostatic stress averaged 2.36 and 1.63 for 45 and 90° head-up tilt, respectively. For a comparison, the gain values obtained from open-loop analysis of the carotid and aortic baroreflexes in anesthetized animals varied from 0.5-1.5 (LEVISON et al, 1966;KUMADA et al, 1970;CHEN, 1979;CHEN et al, 1979;CHEN and BISHOP, 1983). In the dog, aortic baroreceptors were shown to play a minor role in the antihypotensive function (ALLISON et al, 1969;DONALD and EDIS, 1971;EDIS,1971).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The loop gain of autonomic reflex function in orthostatic hypotension.

Chow

Chen

1989

Jpn.J.Physiol

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The loop gain (G) of the autonomic reflex function in orthostatic stress was assessed in anesthetized dogs subjected to 45 and 90° head-up tilt. We observed the magnitude of orthostatic hypotension before and after 1) sinus denervation and vagotomy (SDVT), or 2) ganglionic blockade (GB) with hexamethonium. The decreases in arterial pressure during the orthostatic stress before and after interruption of the autonomic reflex from either the afferent or efferent limb were defined as E and D, respectively. The loop G of the compensatory system was calculated using closed-loop analysis: G = (D/E) -1. In the SDVT experiments, the average values of E, D, and G were 18.6 mmHg, 62.6 mmHg, and 2.36, respectively for 45° tilt; and 31.2 mmHg, 82.7 mmHg, and 1.63, respectively for 90° tilt. In the GB experiment, the E, D, and G values were 14.6 mmHg, 51.6 mmHg and 2.53 for 45° tilt; and 28.9 mmHg, 72.6 mmHg, and 1.51 for 90° tilt. The data provide a quantitative measure of the autonomic reflex function in orthostatic hypotension. Furthermore, we found that the corresponding G values in the SDVT and GB experiments were not significantly different. In each experiment, the G value in 90° tilt was lower than that in 45° tilt. The findings suggest that reflexes from the arterial baroreceptors and cardiopulmonary receptors account for a large part of the autonomic compensation to the orthostatic stress. The whole control system operates in a nonlinear fashion, because the gain value tends to decrease as the degree of tilt is increased.

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Integrated Model of Cardiovascular System, Body Fluids and Haemodialysis Treatment: Structure, Equations and Parameters

Pstras

Waniewski

2019

Mathematical Modelling of Haemodialysis

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Modulation of the carotid baroreflex function during volume expansion

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of baroreceptor denervation on volume loading hypertension in anephric dogs.

Effects of baroreceptor denervation on volume loading hypertension in anephric dogs.

The loop gain of autonomic reflex function in orthostatic hypotension.

Integrated Model of Cardiovascular System, Body Fluids and Haemodialysis Treatment: Structure, Equations and Parameters

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