Modulation of terahertz properties of 3D ceramic photonic crystals via post‐creation non‐metal anion doping treatment

Abstract

Ceramic photonic crystals have wide application potentials for THz technology due to their characteristic strong chemical stability and high temperature resistance for demanding environment. However, it is still a challenge to modulate the THz properties of as-prepared ceramic TPCs via post-creation treatments to satisfy different application requirements. In this work, the THz properties of rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPCs were modulated by non-metal anion doping of either carbon or nitrogen, which was firstly created by the direct-writing technique with a TiO 2 sol-gel ink followed by the high temperature sintering process at 1200°C. Calcination of the pristine rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPCs in either CO or NH 3 atmosphere successfully doped either C or N dopants into rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPCs, respectively, which changed their dielectric properties and subsequently induced different THz properties on these ceramic 3D-TPCs with the same structure. Their THz properties were found to be largely affected by the specific nature of the dopant. Compared with the pristine rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPC, the bandgap positions of both C-doped and Ndoped rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPCs largely shifted toward the higher frequency, while the N-doped sample demonstrated a much broader bandgap. Thus, non-metal anion doping could be an effective post-creation approach to modulate the THz properties of ceramic TPCs. K E Y W O R D S 3D-terahertz photonic crystals, anion doping, direct-writing, rutile TiO 2 , sol-gel ink How to cite this article: Wang R, Yang W, Gao S, et al. Modulation of terahertz properties of 3D ceramic photonic crystals via post-creation non-metal anion doping treatment. J Am Ceram Soc. 2019;102:4688-4697. https://doi.

Versatile Direct Writing of Aerogel-Based Sol–Gel Inks

“…Significantly, three-dimensional (3D) printing, also recognized as additive manufacturing (AM), which enables the construction of the customized 3D objects layer by layer. So far, many different types of 3D printing technologies have been derived, such as stereolithography apparatus (SLA), fused deposition modeling (FDM), , digital light processing (DLP), two-photon polymerization (TPP), electrochemical fabrication (EFAB), inkjet printing (IJP), and direct ink writing (DIW). , Among these 3D printing technologies, DIW has attracted great attention from academia and industry. − The priority of DIW is a wide range of raw materials, mainly involving ceramics, metals, food, , carbon-based materials, , shape memory polymer, , biocompatible materials, , and thermosets . Recently, the DIW of aerogels has been reported.…”

“…25,26 Among these 3D printing technologies, DIW has attracted great attention from academia and industry. 25−28 The priority of DIW is a wide range of raw materials, mainly involving ceramics, 29 metals, 30 food, 31,32 carbon-based materials, 24,33 shape memory polymer, 34,35 biocompatible materials, 36,37 and thermosets. 38 Recently, the DIW of aerogels has been reported.…”

Smoothing method to directly denoise terahertz signals in rare‐earth orthoferrite antiferromagnets

“…Time-domain windowing is considered a simple available denoising method. 14,15 However, the time-domain window function is subjectively selected, which limits its application in cases where multiple reflections are considered. Fourier filtering is believed to improve the time-domain signal quality but does not improve the usefulness of the spectrum.…”

“…Time‐domain windowing is considered a simple available denoising method 14,15 . However, the time‐domain window function is subjectively selected, which limits its application in cases where multiple reflections are considered.…”