Modulation of Phospholipid Signaling by GLABRA2 in Root-Hair Pattern Formation

Ohashi, Yohei; Oka, Atsuhiro; Rodrigues-Pousada, Renato A.; Possenti, Marco; Ruberti, Ida; Morelli, Giorgio; Aoyama, Takashi

doi:10.1126/science.1083695

Cited by 262 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A connection between choline content and root hair elongation was also suggested following the mutation of PLDz1, an enzyme responsible for the degradation of PtdCho into PA and choline (Qin and Wang, 2002;Ohashi et al, 2003). However, the double KO pldz1 pldz2 contradicted these results since it did not exhibit any root hair alteration (Li et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

“…Previous studies have reported altered root architecture and epidermal cell death in a XIPOTL1/PEAMT1 KO mutant (xpl1; Cruz-Ramírez et al, 2004). However, even though PCho content was effectively diminished in this mutant, the described phenotype was more likely caused by an impaired balance of choline, PtdCho, and phosphatidic acid (Cruz-Ramírez et al, 2004; AlatorreCobos et al, 2012).A connection between choline content and root hair elongation was also suggested following the mutation of PLDz1, an enzyme responsible for the degradation of PtdCho into PA and choline (Qin and Wang, 2002;Ohashi et al, 2003). However, the double KO pldz1 pldz2 contradicted these results since it did not exhibit any root hair alteration (Li et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Phosphate Fast-Responsive Genes PECP1 and PPsPase1 Affect Phosphocholine and Phosphoethanolamine Content

et al. 2018

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Phosphate starvation-mediated induction of the HAD-type phosphatases PPsPase1 (AT1G73010) and PECP1 (AT1G17710) has been reported in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, little is known about their in vivo function or impact on plant responses to nutrient deficiency. The preferences of PPsPase1 and PECP1 for different substrates have been studied in vitro but require confirmation in planta. Here, we examined the in vivo function of both enzymes using a reverse genetics approach. We demonstrated that PPsPase1 and PECP1 affect plant phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine content, but not the pyrophosphate-related phenotypes. These observations suggest that the enzymes play a similar role in planta related to the recycling of polar heads from membrane lipids that is triggered during phosphate starvation. Altering the expression of the genes encoding these enzymes had no effect on lipid composition, possibly due to compensation by other lipid recycling pathways triggered during phosphate starvation. Furthermore, our results indicated that PPsPase1 and PECP1 do not influence phosphate homeostasis, since the inactivation of these genes had no effect on phosphate content or on the induction of molecular markers related to phosphate starvation. A combination of transcriptomics and imaging analyses revealed that PPsPase1 and PECP1 display a highly dynamic expression pattern that closely mirrors the phosphate status. This temporal dynamism, combined with the wide range of induction levels, broad expression, and lack of a direct effect on Pi content and regulation, makes PPsPase1 and PECP1 useful molecular markers of the phosphate starvation response.Plant growth is highly sensitive to a lack of phosphate (Pi); hence, the application of Pi fertilizers has become standard practice for high-throughput crop production (Cordell et al., 2009). Most phosphorus in the soil is not available to plants, as it is combined with other minerals or parts of organic compounds (Bieleski, 1973;Raghothama and Karthikeyan, 2005). Only a small fraction of soluble Pi (usually present at a concentration of ,10 mM in the soil) can be taken up by plants.Although growth is not optimal under limiting conditions, plants can withstand changing Pi concentrations within heterogeneous soils or in the external nutrient supply that can lead to reprogramming of their metabolism and architecture (Hammond et al., 2003;Péret et al., 2011;Plaxton and Tran, 2011). Root architecture can be modified to facilitate Pi uptake by favoring the development of lateral roots (at the expense of primary root elongation in many plants including Arabidopsis), increasing the density and length of root hairs, and limiting the development of aerial parts (López-Bucio et al., 2002;Svistoonoff et al., 2007;Gruber et al., 2013). Pi uptake mechanisms are enhanced at the root/soil interface, particularly through the stimulation of Pi transport activity (Mudge et al., 2002;Shin et al., 2004;Nussaume et al., 2011; Ayadi et al., 2015). In parallel, mobilization of Pi sources fr...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

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confidence: 99%

The Phosphate Fast-Responsive Genes PECP1 and PPsPase1 Affect Phosphocholine and Phosphoethanolamine Content

et al. 2018

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“…Phospholipase D (PLD), which cleaves phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid (PA) and a free head group such as choline, has been implicated in root hair growth and patterning (Ohashi et al, 2003). Ohashi and coworkers also imply that PLD and its product, PA, play a role in root elongation (Ohashi et al, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Double Knockouts of Phospholipases Dζ1 and Dζ2 in Arabidopsis Affect Root Elongation during Phosphate-Limited Growth But Do Not Affect Root Hair Patterning

et al. 2005

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(M.L., X.W.)Root elongation and root hair formation are important in nutrient absorption. We found that two Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) phospholipase Ds (PLDs), PLDz1 and PLDz2, were involved in root elongation during phosphate limitation. PLDz1 and PLDz2 are structurally different from the majority of plant PLDs by having phox and pleckstrin homology domains. Both PLDzs were expressed more in roots than in other tissues. It was reported previously that inducible suppression or inducible overexpression of PLDz1 affected root hair patterning. However, gene knockouts of PLDz1, PLDz2, or the double knockout of PLDz1 and PLDz2 showed no effect on root hair formation. The expression of PLDzs increased in response to phosphate limitation. The elongation of primary roots in PLDz1 and PLDz2 double knockout mutants was slower than that of wild type and single knockout mutants. The loss of PLDz2, but not PLDz1, led to a decreased accumulation of phosphatidic acid in roots under phosphate-limited conditions. These results indicate that PLDz1 and PLDz2 play a role in regulating root development in response to nutrient limitation.

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“…The cellular level of PA is increased under various stress conditions, such as treatments of abscisic acid (ABA) (4), osmotic stress (5-7), oxidative stress (8), pathogen infection (9,10), and cold and freezing conditions (11)(12)(13). In addition, PA is involved in regulating normal plant growth and development, particularly in roots (14,15) and pollen tubes (16,17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Phosphatidic Acid Binds to Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase and Promotes Its Cleavage in Arabidopsis

Kim

Guo

Wang

2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a class of membrane lipid mediators synthesized in response to various stresses in plants.Results: PA binds to cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (GAPCs) and promotes proteolytic cleavage of GAPC2 in Arabidopsis. Conclusion: PA-GAPC interaction constitutes a mechanism for PA signaling in plants.Significance: PA-GAPC interaction may provide a molecular link modulating coordinately carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

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Modulation of Phospholipid Signaling by GLABRA2 in Root-Hair Pattern Formation

Cited by 262 publications

References 19 publications

The Phosphate Fast-Responsive Genes PECP1 and PPsPase1 Affect Phosphocholine and Phosphoethanolamine Content

The Phosphate Fast-Responsive Genes PECP1 and PPsPase1 Affect Phosphocholine and Phosphoethanolamine Content

Double Knockouts of Phospholipases Dζ1 and Dζ2 in Arabidopsis Affect Root Elongation during Phosphate-Limited Growth But Do Not Affect Root Hair Patterning

Phosphatidic Acid Binds to Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase and Promotes Its Cleavage in Arabidopsis

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