Four substituted
twistacenes decorated with different twisted π-conjugated
units are synthesized to investigate their structure–property
relationship. To improve the nonlinear optical (NLO) response of these
twistacenes, phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, and pyrenyl are selected as
the twisted units to gradually increase the population of π-electrons.
Broadband excited-state absorption (ESA) and reverse saturable absorption
(RSA) of these compounds show a significant enhancement in femtosecond
transient absorption spectra (TAS) and multiwavelength Z-scan experiments,
respectively. The photophysical mechanism exhibits a typical feature
of two-photon absorption (TPA)-induced ESA (TPA-ESA) on the singlet
state. With the analysis of the electron transition calculated by
the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), it can be inferred
that TPA and ESA of these twistacenes are modulated by intramolecular
charge transfer (ICT) and local excitation (LE), respectively. The
TPA cross sections of these twistacenes at 515 nm are dramatically
enhanced from 214 to 534 GM by introducing ICT, while the ESA cross
sections are significantly increased from 1.2 × 10–21 to 6.5 × 10–21 m2 at 690 nm via
strengthening LE with the π–π* feature. The result
indicates that not only can TPA and ESA be enhanced simultaneously
but also the selective modulation of the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties
can be achieved in such kinds of compounds.