Modulation of impulsive behaviours using transcranial random noise stimulation

Varheenmaa, Markus; Wikgren, Jan; Thomas, Owen; Kortteenniemi, Aaron; Brem, Anna‐Katharine; Lehto, Soili M.

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.11.002

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…TRNS had a differential effect on inhibitory control, i.e., participants with higher impulsivity improved more(Figure 4C) after receiving stimulation. This further supports the notion that impact of stimulation on behavior could be a function of baseline performance [19,41,42], as observed in other stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation [43]. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding how heterogeneity due to factors such as psychological traits, anatomy, and neurochemistry influence neuro-modulatory effects of stimulation [44].…”

Section: Effect Of Trns On Inhibitory Controlsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…However, there was a practice effect on the performance, particularly for Conflict trials: participants were faster and more accurate after stimulation, regardless of receiving TRNS or sham. It has been shown that the effect of TRNS strongly depended on the site of stimulation with improvements in Go reaction times when the stimulation site was dlpfc [21] versus no effect when stimulation was delivered to the right inferior frontal gyrus [22,42,53]. Our findings also showed no improvement in performance during Go and Conflict trials, which could be attributed to either the stimulation site (mPFC) or absence of a DC-offset during stimulation as previously used by Brever-Aeby et al [21].…”

Section: Effect Of Trns On Behaviours Involving Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tuning the brakes – Modulatory role of transcranial random noise stimulation on inhibition

Mandali,

Torrecillos,

Wiest

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundEveryday decision-making requires the ability to flexibly modify and sometimes terminate our actions, such as avoiding a tempting slice of cake to hitting the brakes in an emergency. Neural oscillations, such as beta-band rhythms observed over the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC), help regulate these context-dependent behaviours. However, how random noise stimulation would modulate neural rhythms and corresponding inhibitory behaviors remain understudied.ObjectivesTo target the mPFC using random noise stimulation and modulate neural activity underlying inhibitory behaviours.MethodsUsing a single-blinded within-subject design, fifteen participants received random noise or sham stimulation in a pseudo-randomized order while performing a Go/Conflict/No-Go task. We measured neural activity and behavior before and after stimulation.ResultsWe show that random noise stimulation significantly improved inhibitory behaviors (4.6±4.42percent) by reducing the number of errors in No-Go trials. This improvement was a function of participants’ impulsivity-levels and baseline performance, i.e., impulsive individuals who made more baseline errors improved more after receiving stimulation. At the neural level, we show that random noise stimulation increases low-beta power at stimulation site, mediated by an increase in the duration of intermittent beta-bursts.ConclusionWe show for the first time that random noise stimulation improves the ability to withhold response to unexpected inhibitory cues as a function of an individual’s impulsivity level. This improvement could be attributed to increased low-beta band power and intermittent-burst duration. These results suggest that random noise stimulation of the mPFC could potentially be used as a neuromodulatory intervention to target maladaptive behaviors in impulse control disorders.

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