Modulation of extracellular matrix genes reflects the magnitude of physiological adaptation to aerobic exercise training in humans

Timmons, James A.; Jansson, Eva; Fischer, Håkan; Gustafsson, Thomas; Greenhaff, Paul L.; Ridden, John; Rachman, Jonathan; Sundberg, Carl Johan

doi:10.1186/1741-7007-3-19

Cited by 114 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(75 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…While some subjects demonstrate a robust increase in aerobic capacity, others seem not to respond substantially at all (Lortie et al 1984;Prud'homme et al 1984;Timmons et al 2005). These diVerences between subjects could be explained, in part, by hereditary factors (speciWcally, by gene polymorphisms), which determine variability in gene expression or activity of the gene product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Association of the VEGFR2 gene His472Gln polymorphism with endurance-related phenotypes

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is essential to induce the full spectrum of VEGF angiogenic responses to aerobic training. In the present study, we examined the impact of the functional His472Gln polymorphism of the VEGFR2 gene on elite athlete status, endurance performance and muscle fibre type composition. Four hundred and seventy-one Russian athletes were prospectively stratified into four groups according to event duration, distance and type of activity, covering a spectrum from the more endurance-oriented to the more power-oriented. VEGFR2 genotype and allele frequencies were compared to 603 controls. To examine the association between VEGFR2 genotype and fibre type composition, vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained from 45 physically active healthy men and 23 all-round speed skaters. In addition, 76 competitive rowers performed incremental endurance exercise to allow analysis of genotype associations with exercise responses. We found that the frequency of the VEGFR2 472Gln allele was significantly higher in endurance-oriented athletes compared to controls (36.8 vs. 27.4%, P = 0.0006). Relative VO(2max) was significantly greater in the VEGFR2 472Gln allele carriers compared with the His/His homozygotes of the sub-elite female rower group only. Genotype-specific differences were found for the proportion of slow-twitch fibres in both athletes and controls, which was approximately 10.1 and approximately 7.4% higher in the His/Gln and Gln/Gln genotypes than in the His/His genotype group, respectively. In conclusion, we have shown for the first time that variation in the VEGFR2 gene is associated with elite athlete status, endurance performance of female rowers and muscle fibre type composition.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Association of the VEGFR2 gene His472Gln polymorphism with endurance-related phenotypes

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2A) and in skeletal muscle cells (data not shown). During active thermogenesis, brown adipose tissue becomes highly vascularized (5), and interestingly, Meox2 can promote VEGF-driven vessel maturation (23), a process central to brown adipose tissue angiogenesis and one that may be distinct (24) from the hypoxia-driven process in skeletal muscle (25,26). Intriguingly, the bHLH ''antimyogenic'' transcription factor Tcf21 (27) (also known as Pod-1) appeared distinctly expressed in white preadipocytes ( Fig.…”

Section: Discovery Of a Myogenic Signature In Brown Preadipocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myogenic gene expression signature establishes that brown and white adipocytes originate from distinct cell lineages

Timmons

Wennmalm

Larsson

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

643

520

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attainment of a brown adipocyte cell phenotype in white adipocytes, with their abundant mitochondria and increased energy expenditure potential, is a legitimate strategy for combating obesity. The unique transcriptional regulators of the primary brown adipocyte phenotype are unknown, limiting our ability to promote brown adipogenesis over white. In the present work, we used microarray analysis strategies to study primary preadipocytes, and we made the striking discovery that brown preadipocytes demonstrate a myogenic transcriptional signature, whereas both brown and white primary preadipocytes demonstrate signatures distinct from those found in immortalized adipogenic models. We found a plausible SIRT1-related transcriptional signature during brown adipocyte differentiation that may contribute to silencing the myogenic signature. In contrast to brown preadipocytes or skeletal muscle cells, white preadipocytes express Tcf21, a transcription factor that has been shown to suppress myogenesis and nuclear receptor activity. In addition, we identified a number of developmental genes that are differentially expressed between brown and white preadipocytes and that have recently been implicated in human obesity. The interlinkage between the myocyte and the brown preadipocyte confirms the distinct origin for brown versus white adipose tissue and also represents a plausible explanation as to why brown adipocytes ultimately specialize in lipid catabolism rather than storage, much like oxidative skeletal muscle tissue. microarray ͉ myocyte ͉ principal component analysis ͉ differentiation ͉ transcriptome

show abstract

“…flux is increased with a concomitant reduction in lactate production and stockpiling of acetyl groups (Timmons et al 1998), hence any process that inactivates PDC would be expected to decrease carbohydrate oxidation. The availability of carnitine has been suggested as a mechanism that governs the oxidation of carbohydrate and fatty acids as a reduction in free carnitine would limit the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria (Van Loon et al 2001, Stephens et al 2007) and increase the reliance upon carbohydrate.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and endocrine response to exercise: sympathoadrenal integration with skeletal muscle

Ball¹

2014

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Skeletal muscle has the capacity to increase energy turnover by w1000 times its resting rate when contracting at the maximum force/power output. Since ATP is not stored in any appreciable quantity, the muscle requires a coordinated metabolic response to maintain an adequate supply of ATP to sustain contractile activity. The integration of intracellular metabolic pathways is dependent upon the cross-bridge cycling rate of myosin and actin, substrate availability and the accumulation of metabolic byproducts, all of which can influence the maintenance of contractile activity or result in the onset of fatigue. In addition, the mobilisation of extracellular substrates is dependent upon the integration of both the autonomic nervous system and endocrine systems to coordinate an increase in both carbohydrate and fat availability. The current review examines the evidence for skeletal muscle to generate power over short and long durations and discusses the metabolic response to sustain these processes. The review also considers the endocrine response from the perspective of the sympathoadrenal system to integrate extracellular substrate availability with the increased energy demands made by contracting skeletal muscle. Finally, the review briefly discusses the evidence that muscle acts in an endocrine manner during exercise and what role this might play in mobilising extracellular substrates to augment the effects of the sympathoadrenal system.

show abstract

Modulation of extracellular matrix genes reflects the magnitude of physiological adaptation to aerobic exercise training in humans

Cited by 114 publications

References 53 publications

Association of the VEGFR2 gene His472Gln polymorphism with endurance-related phenotypes

Association of the VEGFR2 gene His472Gln polymorphism with endurance-related phenotypes

Myogenic gene expression signature establishes that brown and white adipocytes originate from distinct cell lineages

Metabolic and endocrine response to exercise: sympathoadrenal integration with skeletal muscle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About