Modulation of brain PUFA content in different experimental models of mice

Joffre, Corinne; Grégoire, Stéphane; Smedt, Véronique De; Acar, Niyazi; Brétillon, Lionel; Nadjar, Agnès; Layé, Sophie

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2016.09.003

Cited by 75 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The fatty acid profile in the brain cortex of Young animals was similar to that of the other mice models . Decreased DHA concentration and n‐6/ n‐3 ratio in the brain cortex of Old mice were consistent with literature data reporting its decline in another rodent model of depression or in clinical studies .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dietary Supplementation with Fish Oil or Conjugated Linoleic Acid Relieves Depression Markers in Mice by Modulation of the Nrf2 Pathway

Cigliano

Spagnuolo

Boscaino

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders and nuclear erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf2), a regulator of RedOx homeostasis and inflammation, is a promising target for depression prevention/treatment. As fish oil (FO) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are known Nrf2 inducers, their protective ability is comparatively evaluated in a murine model of depression (MRL/MpJ-Fas lpr ). Oxidative stress, fatty acids content, and critical factors reflecting brain functioning-namely brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), synaptic markers, and cholinergic signaling-are preliminarily evaluated in the frontal cortex of 8-week (Young) and in 22-week old animals (Old), which are used as model of depression. These markers are measured in Old mice at the end of a 5-week pretreatment with FO or CLA (728 or 650 mg kg -1 , respectively). Old mice exhibit disrupted Redox homeostasis, compensatory Nrf2 hyperactivation, lower docosaheaxaenoic acid (DHA), and lower BDNF and synaptic function proteins compared to Young mice. FO and CLA treatment relieves almost all the pathophysiological hallmarks at a level comparable to Young mice. Presented data provide the first evidence for the comparable efficacy of FO or CLA supplementation in preventing depression signs in Old MRL/lpr mice, likely through their ability of improving Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defenses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dietary Supplementation with Fish Oil or Conjugated Linoleic Acid Relieves Depression Markers in Mice by Modulation of the Nrf2 Pathway

Cigliano

Spagnuolo

Boscaino

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Thus, blueberry juice significantly improved word list recall and paired associate learning in older men and women with agerelated memory decline that consumed it, relative to baseline, with paired associate learning also significantly improved relative to placebo controls. 97 A recent study 98 that measured similar cognitive tasks as those in the rodent studies, showed that freezedried blueberries (24 g/day, equivalent to one cup of fresh blueberries) for 90 days improved two measures of executive function in older adults (ages [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75]. Participants in the blueberry group showed significantly fewer repetition errors in the California Verbal Learning test as well as reduced switch cost on a taskswitching test across study visits, relative to controls who consumed placebo powder.…”

Section: Dietary Interventions With Polyphenolic-rich Foods Can Impromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, increased consumption of DHA-rich products results in a partial replacement of AA by DHA in brain cell membranes. 60 Conversely, a lower omega-3 PUFA intake leads to lower brain levels of DHA with increased AA levels. Higher AA and DHA are reported in women as compared to men, suggesting a gender difference in PUFA levels.…”

Section: Dietary Omega-3 Pufa Regulate Neuroinflammation and Ecbs: Romentioning

confidence: 99%

Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion

et al. 2017

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More than one-third of American adults are obese and statistics are similar worldwide. Caloric intake and diet composition have large and lasting effects on cognition and emotion, especially during critical periods in development, but the neural mechanisms for these effects are not well understood. A clear understanding of the cognitive-emotional processes underpinning desires to over-consume foods can assist more effective prevention and treatments of obesity. This review addresses recent work linking dietary fat intake and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid dietary imbalance with inflammation in developing, adult, and aged brains. Thus, early-life diet and exposure to stress can lead to cognitive dysfunction throughout life and there is potential for early nutritional interventions (e.g., with essential micronutrients) for preventing these deficits. Likewise, acute consumption of a high-fat diet primes the hippocampus to produce a potentiated neuroinflammatory response to a mild immune challenge, causing memory deficits. Low dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can also contribute to depression through its effects on endocannabinoid and inflammatory pathways in specific brain regions leading to synaptic phagocytosis by microglia in the hippocampus, contributing to memory loss. However, encouragingly, consumption of fruits and vegetables high in polyphenolics can prevent and even reverse age-related cognitive deficits by lowering oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding relationships between diet, cognition, and emotion is necessary to uncover mechanisms involved in and strategies to prevent or attenuate comorbid neurological conditions in obese individuals.

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“…Lipid changes in microglia, not in synaptic elements, exacerbate phagocytosis after maternal dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency N-3 PUFA deficient diets cause lipid alterations in whole brain tissue 42 , yet it is unclear to what extent individual cell types or cell compartments incorporate these changes. To assess this, we profiled the lipid composition of microglia and synaptosomes isolated from n-3 sufficient and n-3 deficient mice ( Figure 3A-B).…”

Section: Maternal Dietary N-3 Pufa Deficiency Dysregulates Microglialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential omega-3 fatty acids tune microglial phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the developing brain

Madore

Leyrolle²,

Morel

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; n-3 PUFAs) are essential for the functional maturation of the brain. Westernization of dietary habits in both developed and developing countries is accompanied by a progressive reduction in dietary intake of n-3PUFAs. Low maternal intake of n-3 PUFAs has been linked to neurodevelopmental diseases in epidemiological studies, but the mechanisms by which a n-3 PUFA dietary imbalance affects CNS development are poorly understood. Active microglial engulfment of synaptic elements is an important process for normal brain development and altered synapse refinement is a hallmark of several neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we identify a molecular mechanism for detrimental effects of low maternal n-3 PUFA intake on hippocampal development. Our results show that maternal dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency increases microglial phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the developing hippocampus, through the activation of 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX)/12-HETE signaling, which alters neuronal morphology and affects cognition in the postnatal offspring. While women of child bearing age are at higher risk of dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency, these findings provide new insights into the mechanisms linking maternal nutrition to neurodevelopmental disorders.One Sentence Summary: Low maternal omega-3 fatty acids intake impairs microgliamediated synaptic refinement via 12-HETE pathway in the developing brain.

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Modulation of brain PUFA content in different experimental models of mice

Cited by 75 publications

References 70 publications

Dietary Supplementation with Fish Oil or Conjugated Linoleic Acid Relieves Depression Markers in Mice by Modulation of the Nrf2 Pathway

Dietary Supplementation with Fish Oil or Conjugated Linoleic Acid Relieves Depression Markers in Mice by Modulation of the Nrf2 Pathway

Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion

Essential omega-3 fatty acids tune microglial phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the developing brain

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