Modulation of Bacterial Proliferation as a Survival Strategy

Heinrich, Kristina; Leslie, David J.; Jonas, Kristina

doi:10.1016/bs.aambs.2015.02.004

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 224 publications

(240 reference statements)

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“…Most of this research has focused on cell cycle regulation under standard and stable laboratory growth conditions. However, in nature bacteria are exposed to drastic environmental changes, where they have to constantly adjust their growth rate and mode of proliferation [1,2]. It has frequently been reported that various bacteria transform into multi-chromosome containing filaments in response to certain environmental conditions [2–4], indicating that bacteria dynamically modulate cell division and the cell cycle in response to environmental cues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in nature bacteria are exposed to drastic environmental changes, where they have to constantly adjust their growth rate and mode of proliferation [1,2]. It has frequently been reported that various bacteria transform into multi-chromosome containing filaments in response to certain environmental conditions [2–4], indicating that bacteria dynamically modulate cell division and the cell cycle in response to environmental cues. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms transducing environmental information into the cell division machinery and how these mechanisms help cells to survive under adverse conditions are not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Kinase-Phosphatase Switch Transduces Environmental Information into a Bacterial Cell Cycle Circuit

2016

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The bacterial cell cycle has been extensively studied under standard growth conditions. How it is modulated in response to environmental changes remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the freshwater bacterium Caulobacter crescentus blocks cell division and grows to filamentous cells in response to stress conditions affecting the cell membrane. Our data suggest that stress switches the membrane-bound cell cycle kinase CckA to its phosphatase mode, leading to the rapid dephosphorylation, inactivation and proteolysis of the master cell cycle regulator CtrA. The clearance of CtrA results in downregulation of division and morphogenesis genes and consequently a cell division block. Upon shift to non-stress conditions, cells quickly restart cell division and return to normal cell size. Our data indicate that the temporary inhibition of cell division through the regulated inactivation of CtrA constitutes a growth advantage under stress. Taken together, our work reveals a new mechanism that allows bacteria to alter their mode of proliferation in response to environmental cues by controlling the activity of a master cell cycle transcription factor. Furthermore, our results highlight the role of a bifunctional kinase in this process that integrates the cell cycle with environmental information.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Kinase-Phosphatase Switch Transduces Environmental Information into a Bacterial Cell Cycle Circuit

2016

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“…For example, clavulanic acid inhibits microbial enzyme β‐lactamase, which is responsible for bacterial resistance to β‐lactam antibiotics. Thereby, using clavulanic acid in combination with β‐lactam antibiotics restores susceptibility of resistant bacteria to these antibiotics (Heinrich et al ). RMAs can enhance the permeability of bacterial membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, thyme derived thymol and carvacrol decompose outer membrane of Gram‐negative bacteria, thereby increasing its permeability to antibiotics (Abreu et al ). Another mechanism of RMAs action is the inhibition of bacterial efflux pumps responsible for multidrug resistance (Abreu et al ; Heinrich et al ; Kincses et al ). The 5'‐methoxyhydnocarpin‐D and pheophorbide isolated from Berberine species had inhibitory activity against some multidrug resistance pumps of Staphylococcus aureus (Lewis and Ausubel, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel approach to combat antibiotic resistance: evaluation of some Armenian herb crude extracts for their antibiotic modulatory and antiviral properties

Ginovyan

Trchоunian

2019

J of Applied Microbiology

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Aims One of the strategies to combat antibiotic resistance can be the use of plant materials in combination with antibiotics, taking into account that phytochemicals can act as antibiotic resistance‐modifying agents. This can give a second life to the traditional antibiotics. The aim was to evaluate antibiotic modulatory effect of crude extracts from Agrimonia eupatoria, Hypericum alpestre, Rumex obtusifolius and Sanguisorba officinalis herbs towards several commercial antibiotics using some Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Methods The antibiotic modulatory activity was tested by determining MICs of antibiotics in the absence and presence of plant crude extracts at subinhibitory concentrations. Antiviral potential of different extracts of tested plant materials was also explored by double overlay plaque assay. Results The tested plant crude extracts exhibited high modulatory activity towards used antibiotics. Particularly, high modulatory activity was observed with extracts of H. alpestre and R. obtusifolius. Many plant‐antibiotic combinations induced the decrease in MICs of antibiotics up to ~fourfold indicating synergy. Moreover, the similar change was observed at both subinhibitory concentrations (MIC/2 and MIC/4) of the same plant crude extract. High anti‐phage activity of plants with the exception of Lilium armenum against T4 phage of Escherichia coli C‐T4 was also shown. Conclusions Plant crude extract or commercial antibiotic combinations significantly increased the efficiency of antibiotics. Tested plant materials with exception of L. armenum have antiviral property. Significance and Impact of the Study For the first time, antibiotic modulatory activity of tested herb extracts was shown, which could have potential in practical applications. Tested plant materials with exception of L. armenum could have prospective, as a source of new antiviral compounds.

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“…Bacterial responses to environmental pollutions may vary from species to species, and the successive colonization of a bacterium depends on its ability to sense the changes and to adapt suitably to ensure the best odds of survival. Some environmental pollutants could be irreversibly toxic or even lethal to bacteria, such as antibiotics and cyanides (4). Under sublethal stress, bacteria are allowed to develop an efficient strategy to survive; otherwise, they lose.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adaptive Responses of Shewanella decolorationis to Toxic Organic Extracellular Electron Acceptor Azo Dyes in Anaerobic Respiration

Fang

Kong

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bacterial anaerobic respiration using an extracellular electron acceptor plays a predominant role in global biogeochemical cycles. However, the mechanisms of bacterial adaptation to the toxic organic pollutant as the extracellular electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration are not clear, which limits our ability to optimize the strategies for the bioremediation of a contaminated environment. Here, we report the physiological characteristics and the global gene expression of an ecologically successful bacterium, Shewanella decolorationis S12, when using a typical toxic organic pollutant, amaranth, as the extracellular electron acceptor. Our results revealed that filamentous shift (the cells stretched to fiber-like shapes as long as 18 m) occurred under amaranth stress. Persistent stress led to a higher filamentous cell rate and decolorization ability in subcultural cells compared to parental strains. In addition, the expression of genes involved in cell division, the chemotaxis system, energy conservation, damage repair, and material transport in filamentous cells was significantly stimulated. The detailed roles of some genes with significantly elevated expressions in filamentous cells, such as the outer membrane porin genes ompA and ompW, the cytochrome c genes arpC and arpD, the global regulatory factor gene rpoS, and the methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins genes SHD_2793 and SHD_0015, were identified by site-directed mutagenesis. Finally, a conceptual model was proposed to help deepen our insights into both the bacterial survival strategy when toxic organics were present and the mechanisms by which these toxic organics were biodegraded as the extracellular electron acceptors. IMPORTANCE Keeping toxic organic pollutants (TOPs) in tolerable levels is a huge challenge for bacteria in extremely unfavorable environments since TOPs could serve as energy substitutes but also as survival stresses when they are beyond some thresholds. This study focused on the underlying adaptive mechanisms of ecologically successful bacterium Shewanella decolorationis S12 when exposed to amaranth, a typical toxic organic pollutant, as the extracellular electron acceptor. Our results suggest that filamentous shift is a flexible and valid way to solve the dilemma between the energy resource and toxic stress. Filamentous cells regulate gene expression to enhance their degradation and detoxification capabilities, resulting in a strong viability. These novel adaptive responses to TOPs are believed to be an evolutionary achievement to succeed in harsh habitats and thus have great potential to be applied to environment

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Modulation of Bacterial Proliferation as a Survival Strategy

Cited by 25 publications

References 224 publications

A Kinase-Phosphatase Switch Transduces Environmental Information into a Bacterial Cell Cycle Circuit

A Kinase-Phosphatase Switch Transduces Environmental Information into a Bacterial Cell Cycle Circuit

Novel approach to combat antibiotic resistance: evaluation of some Armenian herb crude extracts for their antibiotic modulatory and antiviral properties

Adaptive Responses of Shewanella decolorationis to Toxic Organic Extracellular Electron Acceptor Azo Dyes in Anaerobic Respiration

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