Modulating the influence of recent trial history on attentional capture via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of right TPJ

Lega, Carlotta; Santandrea, Elisa; Ferrante, Oscar; Serpe, Rossana; Dolci, Carola; Baldini, Eleonora; Cattaneo, Luigi; Chelazzi, Leonardo

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2020.09.009

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…These identified cognitive and neural processes may serve as targets for future brain plasticity-based treatments (Merzenich et al 2013;Mishra and Gazzaley 2014). In fact, TPJ is a very common target for neuromodulation (Donaldson et al 2015;Wang et al 2016;Bardi, Gheza, et al 2017;Bardi, Six, et al 2017;Lega et al 2020); hence, future studies may focus on neuromodulation-induced plasticity of this region to develop an intervention for loneliness. Recently, there has been much concern for heightened loneliness during the COVID-19 social/physical distancing period, making intervention studies all the more pertinent (Luchetti et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Neural Correlates of Loneliness and Wisdom during Emotional Bias

et al. 2021

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Loneliness and wisdom have opposing impacts on health and well-being, yet their neuro-cognitive bases have never been simultaneously investigated. In this study of 147 healthy human subjects sampled across the adult lifespan, we simultaneously studied the cognitive and neural correlates of loneliness and wisdom in the context of an emotion bias task. Aligned with the social threat framework of loneliness, we found that loneliness was associated with reduced speed of processing when angry emotional stimuli were presented to bias cognition. In contrast, we found that wisdom was associated with greater speed of processing when happy emotions biased cognition. Source models of electroencephalographic data showed that loneliness was specifically associated with enhanced angry stimulus-driven theta activity in the left transverse temporal region of interest, which is located in the area of the temporoparietal junction (TPJ), while wisdom was specifically related to increased TPJ theta activity during happy stimulus processing. Additionally, enhanced attentiveness to threatening stimuli for lonelier individuals was observed as greater beta activity in left superior parietal cortex, while wisdom significantly related to enhanced happy stimulus-evoked alpha activity in the left insula. Our results demonstrate emotion-context driven modulations in cognitive neural circuits by loneliness versus wisdom.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Neural Correlates of Loneliness and Wisdom during Emotional Bias

et al. 2021

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“…Importantly, this prestimulus effect was observed in the right MFG/SFG. In previous studies, the right MFG has been considered a hub for proactive filtering and suppressing distracting information 87 . Moreover, a role in task switching has also been reported 88 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language distance modulates cognitive control in bilinguals

Radman

Jost

Dorood

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Linguistic processes in the bilingual brain are partially shared across languages, and the degree of neural overlap between the languages is influenced by several factors, including the age of acquisition, relative language proficiency, and immersion. There is limited evidence on the role of linguistic distance on the performance of the language control as well as domain-general cognitive control systems. The present study aims at exploring whether being bilingual in close and distant language pairs (CLP and DLP) influences language control and domain-general cognitive processes. We recruited two groups of DLP (Persian–English) and CLP (French–English) bilinguals. Subjects performed language nonswitching and switching picture-naming tasks and a nonlinguistic switching task while EEG data were recorded. Behaviorally, CLP bilinguals showed a lower cognitive cost than DLP bilinguals, reflected in faster reaction times both in language switching (compared to nonswitching) and nonlinguistic switching. ERPs showed differential involvement of cognitive control regions between the CLP and DLP groups during linguistic switching vs. nonswitching at 450 to 515 ms poststimulus presentation. Moreover, there was a difference between CLP and DLP groups from 40 to 150 ms in the nonlinguistic task. Our electrophysiological results confirm a stronger involvement of language control and domain-general cognitive control regions in CLP bilinguals.

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“…Thus, saccadic programming does not seem to be influenced by habituation to distractors, consistent with studies in monkeys, indicating that saccade adaptation takes place downstream from the superior colliculus. Lega et al (2020) explored the causal role of key regions of the ventral attention network, namely the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) of the right hemisphere, in attentional capture and context-dependent distractor suppression mechanisms. The authors found that in neither site did TMS produce measurable effects in the overall ability to suppress salient-yet irrelevant distractors.…”

Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%