Modulated Raman spectroscopy for enhanced identification of bladder tumor cells in urine samples

Abstract

Abstract. Standard Raman spectroscopy (SRS) is a noninvasive technique that is used in the biomedical field to discriminate between normal and cancer cells. However, the presence of a strong fluorescence background detracts from the use of SRS in real-time clinical applications. Recently, we have reported a novel modulated Raman spectroscopy (MRS) technique to extract the Raman spectra from the background. In this paper, we present the first application of MRS to the identification of human urothelial cells (SV-HUC-1) and bladder cancer cells (MGH) in urine samples. These results are compared to those obtained by SRS. Classification using the principal component analysis clearly shows that MRS allows discrimination between Raman spectra of SV-HUC-1 and MGH cells with high sensitivity (98%) and specificity (95%). MRS is also used to distinguish between SV-HUC-1 and MGH cells after exposure to urine for up to 6 h. We observe a marked change in the MRS of SV-HUC-1 and MGH cells with time in urine, indicating that the conditions of sample collection will be important for the application of this methodology to clinical urine samples. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

Raman spectroscopy: techniques and applications in the life sciences

“…Thus, modulating the excitation wavelength decouples the Raman spectral features from the stationary fluorescence background. This technique has been used in Raman analysis of blood [172] and urine [173]. Canetta et al have also implemented this technique in a fiber-based probe [173].…”

Raman spectroscopic characterization of urine of normal and oral cancer subjects

“…[9,32] This altered characteristics of biomolecules may also be used in the diagnosis of diseases such as diabetes, urinary tract infections, and other diseases including cancers of oral, cervix, prostate, and bladder cancer. [9,32,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44] Detailed reports were available on FS of urine for oral and cervical cancer detection. [9,32,41] Several studies have also been reported in IR and Raman spectroscopic characterization of urine for urinary tract infections and tumors of prostate and bladder.…”

Biological and Medical Applications of Multivariate Curve Resolution Assisted Raman Spectroscopy

“…[56][57][58][59][60][61] Raman spectroscopy has been successfully employed to both in vivo and in vitro, and one can easily find its application in various fields of medicine including pathology, 62,63 physiology, 64 virology, 65 urology, 66,67 and dentistry. [68][69][70] Either by using cells, dissected tissues or real time monitoring during surgery, researchers have demonstrated the utility of Raman spectroscopy, particularly in cancers related to brain, 71,72 83,84 Additionally, by analyzing biofluids such as blood and urine, non-invasive diagnostic assays are also being actively developed for many diseases such as diabetes (glucose level monitoring), 85,86 cancer, 87,88 asthma, 89 and malaria. 90,91 Most of these studies relied on univariate analysis (one or two marker bands used for biomolecular identification).…”