“…AOP emergenced as a new paradigm to modularize the concerns whose implementations would otherwise have been spread throughout the whole application, because of the limited abstractions of the underlying programming languages. Since then, several studies [15,16,17,19,35,36] have suggested that AOP is successful in modularizing crosscutting concerns. Unfortunately, these studies either wrongly identify modularization with the lexical SoC offered by AOP, or wrongly measure coupling in AO systems.…”