Action selection, the problem of choosing what to do next, is central to any autonomous agent architecture. We use here a multidisciplinary approach at the convergence of neuroscience, dynamical systems theory and autonomous robotics, in order to propose an efficient action selection mechanism based on a new model of the basal ganglia. We first describe new developments of contraction theory regarding locally projected dynamical systems. We exploit these results to design a stable computational model of the cortico-basothalamo-cortical loops. Based on recent anatomical data, we include usually neglected neural projections, which participate in performing accurate selection. Finally, the efficiency of this model as an autonomous robot action selection mechanism is assessed in a standard survival task. The model exhibits valuable dithering avoidance and energy-saving properPreprint submitted to Elsevier Science 18 May 2017 ties, when compared with a simple if-then-else decision rule.