Modular structure of awareness for sensorimotor disorders: Evidence from anosognosia for hemiplegia and anosognosia for hemianaesthesia

Spinazzola, Lucia; Pia, Lorenzo; Folegatti, Alessia; Marchetti, C.; Berti, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.12.015

Cited by 65 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…On this view, the insular lobe would instantiate a collective representation of one's body produced by the continuous monitoring, weighting and integration of different signals. Interestingly, neurological damage in the right insula results in neurological deficits in sensory self-monitoring [24], such as somatoparaphrenia [25], while a neuroimaging study in neurologically healthy volunteers during the RHI showed that activity in the right mid-posterior insula correlated with the experience of body-ownership [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Just a heartbeat away from one's body: interoceptive sensitivity predicts malleability of body-representations

2011

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Body-awareness relies on the representation of both interoceptive and exteroceptive percepts coming from one's body. However, the exact relationship and possible interaction of interoceptive and exteroceptive systems for body-awareness remain unknown. We sought to understand for the first time, to our knowledge, the interaction between interoceptive and exteroceptive awareness of the body. First, we measured interoceptive awareness with an established heartbeat monitoring task. We, then, used a multi-sensory-induced manipulation of body-ownership (e.g. Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI)) and we quantified the extent to which participants experienced ownership over a foreign body-part using behavioural, physiological and introspective measures. The results suggest that interoceptive sensitivity predicts the malleability of body representations, that is, people with low interoceptive sensitivity experienced a stronger illusion of ownership in the RHI. Importantly, this effect was not simply owing to a poor proprioceptive representation or differences in autonomic states of one's body prior to the multi-sensory stimulation, suggesting that interoceptive awareness modulates the online integration of multi-sensory body-percepts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Just a heartbeat away from one's body: interoceptive sensitivity predicts malleability of body-representations

2011

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“…The neuronopathy patient, although denying a general sense of touch, could perceive as well as localize the soft brush stimulation in the experimental situation. Whereas the somatotopically organized posterior insular cortex serves as a primary interoceptive region, the reported subsequent mid-toanterior progression of integration of various physiological representations is likely to play a substantial role in generating an awareness of the tactile stimulation (Burton et al, 1993;Spinazzola et al, 2008;Craig, 2009). Indeed, the regional search in the patient as well as in a number of the healthy subjects revealed activation of the mid-insula.…”

Section: Central Organization Of Ct Afferentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatotopic Organization of Gentle Touch Processing in the Posterior Insular Cortex

Björnsdotter¹,

Löken²,

Olausson³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

233

151

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A network of thin (C and A␦) afferents relays various signals related to the physiological condition of the body, including sensations of gentle touch, pain, and temperature changes. Such afferents project to the insular cortex, where a somatotopic organization of responses to noxious and cooling stimuli was recently observed. To explore the possibility of a corresponding body-map topography in relation to gentle touch mediated through C tactile (CT) fibers, we applied soft brush stimuli to the right forearm and thigh of a patient (GL) lacking A␤ afferents, and six healthy subjects during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). For improved fMRI analysis, we used a highly sensitive multivariate voxel clustering approach. A somatotopic organization of the left (contralateral) posterior insular cortex was consistently demonstrated in all subjects, including GL, with forearm projecting anterior to thigh stimulation. Also, despite denying any sense of touch in daily life, GL correctly localized 97% of the stimuli to the forearm or thigh in a forced-choice paradigm. The consistency in activation patterns across GL and the healthy subjects suggests that the identified organization reflects the central projection of CT fibers. Moreover, substantial similarities of the presently observed insular activation with that described for noxious and cooling stimuli solidify the hypothesized sensory-affective role of the CT system in the maintenance of physical well-being as part of a thin-afferent homeostatic network.

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“…Such a view would predict that focal brain damage should not cause a generalized impairment of conscious experience or conscious self-monitoring, but should instead result in domain-specific disorders of awareness. 66 The discovery of selective disorders of conscious awareness (such as blindsight, neglect, and AHP) has provided evidence for a composite nature of conscious processes, as opposed to a unitary one. Although the construction of fully conscious states may need the co-occurrence of activity in different parts of the brain, initial modular activation in dedicated brain structures seems to be necessary for domain-specific awareness.…”

Section: A Modular Model For Conscious Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Higher Cortical Function

Berti¹,

Garbarini²,

Neppi-Mòdona³

2015

Neurobiology of Brain Disorders

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Modular structure of awareness for sensorimotor disorders: Evidence from anosognosia for hemiplegia and anosognosia for hemianaesthesia

Cited by 65 publications

References 47 publications

Just a heartbeat away from one's body: interoceptive sensitivity predicts malleability of body-representations

Just a heartbeat away from one's body: interoceptive sensitivity predicts malleability of body-representations

Somatotopic Organization of Gentle Touch Processing in the Posterior Insular Cortex

Disorders of Higher Cortical Function

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