Modular Multilevel Converter With Embedded Energy Storage for Bidirectional Fault Isolation

Xu, Yuzhe; Zhang, Zheren; Wang, Guoteng; Xu, Zheng

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2021.3054022

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Over recent years, MMC has been successfully operated as an efficient power converter in numerous power system applications such as HVDC system [101][102][103][104], FACTS devices [105][106][107], energy storage devices [108][109][110], electric vehicles [111,112], motor drives [113][114][115], active power filters [116,117] and renewable energy [118][119][120][121]. Presently, the primary vital concerns of MMC include capacitor voltage balancing (CVB) and circulating current suppression (CCS).…”

Section: Modular Multilevel Converter (Mmc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Inverter: A Survey on Classical and Advanced Topologies, Control Schemes, Applications to Power System and Future Prospects

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, multilevel inverters (MLIs) have emerged to be the most empowered power transformation technology for numerous operations such as renewable energy resources (RERs), flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS), electric motor drives, etc. MLI has gained popularity in medium- to high-power operations because of numerous merits such as minimum harmonic contents, less dissipation of power from power electronic switches, and less electromagnetic interference (EMI) at the receiving end. The MLI possesses many essential advantages in comparison to a conventional two-level inverter, such as voltage profile enhancement, increased efficiency of the overall system, the capability of high-quality output generation with the reduced switching frequency, decreased total harmonic distortions (THD) without reducing the power of the inverter and use of very low ratings of the device. Although classical MLIs find their use in various vital key areas, newer MLI configurations have an expanding concern to the limited count of power electronic devices, gate drivers, and isolated DC sources. In this review article, an attempt has been made to focus on various aspects of MLIs such as different configurations, modulation techniques, the concept of new reduced switch count MLI topologies, applications regarding interface with renewable energy, motor drives, and FACTS controller. Further, deep insights for future prospective towards hassle-free addition of MLI technology towards more enhanced application for various fields of the power system have also been discussed. This article is believed to be extremely helpful for academics, researchers, and industrialists working in the direction of MLI technology.

show abstract

Section: Modular Multilevel Converter (Mmc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Inverter: A Survey on Classical and Advanced Topologies, Control Schemes, Applications to Power System and Future Prospects

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The controller of the ESS is composed of the outer controller and the current controller. The control scheme of the embedded ESS has already been discussed in [7, 15, 25], where different control objectives are adopted in specific control schemes for different fault types. When the fault occurs at the AC side, the current of ESS

i_{e s}

is controlled to maintain the voltage of the DC side as constant, and thus the DC side system will not be affected.…”

Section: Topology and Controller Of The Active MMCmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the battery bank is selected as the energy storage unit. The first‐order resistor‐capacitor model is used as the equivalent circuit model of lithium‐ion batteries and the parameters of each battery can be referred to in [25]. Since the rated voltage (3.7 V) and the maximum continuous discharging current (10 A) are far less than those of the battery bank, a number of series‐ and parallel‐connected batteries are needed.…”

Section: Model Validation and Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical transient modelling and application of modular multilevel converter with embedded energy storage

Zhang

2021

IET Generation Trans & Dist

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper studies the electromechanical transient modelling techniques of the modified modular multilevel converter (MMC), named active MMC, which is equipped with embedded energy storage in submodules. Firstly, the mathematical model of the active MMC and its equivalent circuits at the AC and DC sides are established. Then, the control scheme of active MMC that focus on the cooperation of the MMC converter and the energy storage submodules is illustrated. The proposed electromechanical transient model are implemented on PSS/E and compared with the electromagnetic transient model on PSCAD in a two terminal active MMC sytem; the results of the active MMC system under AC and DC fault prove the validity of the proposed model. Lastly, stability studies of the practical system are carried out, and the simulation results prove the improvement by the application of the active MMC on the rotor angle stability and frequency stability.

show abstract

“…It mainly embodies [1][2][3][4] in: Modular design, high number of output levels, easy to achieve capacity expansion and increase voltage level and so on. It was originally applied in the medium and highvoltage direct current (HVDC) transmission and distribution fields [1,2,5,6], its modular structure enables the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), whether they are PV systems [7,8] or energy storage [9][10][11][12][13]. These integrated DERs generally recommend using a dc/dc converter [8][9][10][11] to control the power of each sub-module from one DER into each submodule of the MMC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unbalanced power control of a modular multilevel converter with photovoltaic resources and the capacitor voltage ripple analysis

Liu

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

IET Power Electronics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The modular multilevel photovoltaic (PV) converter can achieve independent power control and help to increase the efficiency of the system. However, the output power among PV modules is unbalanced, which will result in the power loss of system if not properly controlled. This paper first introduces a power control scheme to adjust the power distribution among dc grid, ac grid and PV modules, and presents the mathematical bases of the scheme and the unbalanced power control of the strategy. However, the voltage ripple of MMC sub module (SM) capacitor is also an important parameter. In this system, the SM voltage ripple has not been analysed in relevant articles. Because there are many variables, it is not easy to analyse. Here, the voltage ripple law of the SM capacitor is analysed, by simplifying variables and presenting a fast analytical method, which has reference significance for the selection of SM capacitor. Matlab simulation and the hardware in the loop simulation experiment built by StarSim of Modelling Tech verify the effectiveness of the introduced control strategy and the correctness of the SM capacitor ripple analysis.

show abstract

Modular Multilevel Converter With Embedded Energy Storage for Bidirectional Fault Isolation

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Multilevel Inverter: A Survey on Classical and Advanced Topologies, Control Schemes, Applications to Power System and Future Prospects

Multilevel Inverter: A Survey on Classical and Advanced Topologies, Control Schemes, Applications to Power System and Future Prospects

Electromechanical transient modelling and application of modular multilevel converter with embedded energy storage

Unbalanced power control of a modular multilevel converter with photovoltaic resources and the capacitor voltage ripple analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About