Modular biomass gasification-based solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) for sustainable development

Seitarides, Th.; Athanasiou, C.; Zabaniotou, Α.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2007.01.020

Cited by 79 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Biomass gasification coupled with advanced power generation technologies such as fuel cells offer much higher efficiencies. Reported electrical efficiencies for biomass gasification-solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems range from 23-50% [1]. These systems offer highly efficient renewable energy and are modular in nature making them ideal for decentralised combined heat and power (CHP) applications and as a result have recently gained much attention [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer simulation of a biomass gasification-solid oxide fuel cell power system using Aspen Plus

Doherty¹,

Reynolds²,

Kennedy³

2010

Energy

181

104

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Received ABSTRACTThe operation and performance of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack on biomass syn-gas from a biomass gasification combined heat and power (CHP) plant is investigated. The objective of this work is to develop a model of a biomass-SOFC system capable of predicting performance under diverse operating conditions. The tubular SOFC technology is selected. The SOFC stack model, equilibrium type based on Gibbs free energy minimisation, is developed using Aspen Plus. The model performs heat and mass balances and considers ohmic, activation and concentration losses for the voltage calculation. The model is validated against data available in the literature for operation on natural gas. Operating parameters are varied; parameters such as fuel utilisation factor (U f ), current density (j) and steam to carbon ratio (STCR) have significant influence. The results indicate that there must be a trade-off between voltage, efficiency and power with respect to j and the stack should be operated at low STCR and high U f . Operation on biomass syn-gas is compared to natural gas operation and as expected performance degrades.The realistic design operating conditions with regard to performance are identified. High efficiencies are predicted making these systems very attractive.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer simulation of a biomass gasification-solid oxide fuel cell power system using Aspen Plus

Doherty¹,

Reynolds²,

Kennedy³

2010

Energy

181

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…At the cathode, oxygen is reduced by the incoming electrons to produce oxygen anions that are conducted through the electrolyte to the anode where they electrochemically combine with the adsorbed hydrogen to form water and heat as a by-product and release electrons to the external circuit. The electrochemical reactions as follows [8], [9] …”

Section: B Fuel Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Assessment of Integrated Biomass Gasification Fuel Cell for Power Generation System

Paengjuntuek¹,

Boonmak²,

Mungkalasiri³

2015

IJESD

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Abstract-Biomass gasification has received considerable attention as a partial substitute for fossil fuels power generation. In addition, the energy efficiency of biomass gasification can be greatly enhanced when operated with highly efficient power generation systems, such as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The combined cycle is called integrated biomass gasification fuel cell (BGFC) system. In this research, rice straw is used as raw material for power generation as it is available in large amounts in Thailand. The objectives are finding the optimal operating conditions in order to make highest power efficiency and evaluating environmental impact of BGFC system. Aspen plus is used to perform a simulation in this study. In addition, Life cycle assessment (LCA) method is applied using global warming, acidification and eutrophication potentials. The results show that BGFC operated in the optimal conditions can generate 651.35 kW of net power output and 59.17% of efficiency. Moreover, the impact of global warming, acidification and eutrophication is 0.4077 kgCO 2 eq, 0.0026 kgSO 2 eq and 0.000148 kgPO 4 eq, respectively.

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“…Molten carbonate (MCFC) and solid oxide (SOFC) fuel cells are the most likely candidates for combination with gasification because of their relatively low fuel-quality demands, high operating temperatures, and tolerance of carbon monoxide (Seitarides, Athanasiou, and Zabaniotou 2008). Owing to the high operating temperatures of these fuel cells (600°C to 1,000°C), it is typically most economical to use them to produce combined heat and power.…”

Section: Fuel Cell-biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Hybrid Hydrogen Systems: Final Report

Dean¹,

Braun²,

Munoz³

et al. 2010

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Executive SummaryThis project examined biomass pathways for hydrogen production and how they can be hybridized to support renewable electricity generation. The project considered many potential hybrid systems before narrowing the focus to two. The systems were studied in detail for process feasibility and economic performance. The best-performing system was estimated to produce hydrogen at a cost ($1.67/kg) within range of the Department of Energy target for central biomass-derived hydrogen production, while also providing value-added energy services to the electric grid.Of the domestic resources available for hydrogen production, biomass shows significant promise. Recent assessments have shown that more than 400 million tons of biomass currently is available annually in the United States (Milbrandt 2005). This could be converted to roughly 30 million tons of hydrogen by thermochemical processing. Thermochemical plants provide many opportunities for system integration.The project team generated a matrix considering the combination of biomass-processing technologies and how they could be hybridized with other technologies. The matrix contained more than 100 potential binary combinations. These were ranked based on criteria such as resource availability, technology maturity, and hybridization benefits. Some of the top concepts are listed below.Combined wind power and biomass gasification for co-production of fuel and power Combined electrolysis and biomass gasification for co-production of fuel and power Combined coal and biomass/bio-oil gasification systems for co-production of fuel and power with carbon sequestration for both processesCo-location and thermal integration using steam from a nuclear reactor to feed bio-oil reforming to produce fuel These results were further ranked using a decision matrix. Direct wind and wind-electrolyzer combinations with biomass gasification rose to the top of the decision matrix due to several factors. These selections provide renewable fuel and power, supplement grid demand, and also can take up excess electricity. The two concepts chosen for further analysis in this project can be summarized as follows.Direct grid leveling of intermittent wind power with an indirectly heated biomass gasification plant. The plant will produce both electricity and hydrogen.Using an electrolyzer in place of an air separation unit (ASU) with a directly heated fluidized-bed biomass gasifier for co-production of fuel and power.Both of the concepts chosen for further analysis share the basic idea of combining windgenerated electricity with a biomass gasification plant. Wind availability significantly overlaps biomass resource availability, making the use of locally produced wind electricity for gasification feasible. The proposed hybrid systems attempt to do one of two things:iv Fill wind energy shortfalls and feed a natural gas turbine that would be used for this peaking purpose; or Absorb excess renewable power during low-demand hours.The indirect gasification concepts studied could be cost compet...

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Modular biomass gasification-based solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) for sustainable development

Cited by 79 publications

References 76 publications

Computer simulation of a biomass gasification-solid oxide fuel cell power system using Aspen Plus

Computer simulation of a biomass gasification-solid oxide fuel cell power system using Aspen Plus

Environmental Assessment of Integrated Biomass Gasification Fuel Cell for Power Generation System

Analysis of Hybrid Hydrogen Systems: Final Report

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